TENNESSEE. 



385 



THE CALLAWAY MOIN'I). 



Mound No. 2, kuowu as tbe Callaway mound, stands on the level 

 bottom, is conical in form, 03 feet in diameter, and feet high. The 

 soil of 8 or 10 acres around this and the JiigToco mound is very hlack. 

 This seems due to a large intermixture of charcoal. Indeed, it seems 

 almost impossible to step without treading on coals, fragments of 



X 



Fig. 265.— Vertical scctinii of Calhiway niuuiid. iluuiuc enmity. 



pottery, broken arrow-heads, shells, and flint chips. About half way 

 between the mound and the river, the ground rises about 2 feet above 

 the usual level, and then breaks off abruptly toward the river. On 

 this little elevation, for a space of .">() or (JO feet in diameter, is a bed 

 of burnt clay, the top 

 portion broken up by 

 the plow. It is much 

 harder a foot or two 

 under the surface than 

 it is on top. 



Possibly it was here 

 the people of the vil- 

 lage were accustomed 

 to burn their pottery. 

 The mound was found 

 to be composed of loose, 

 dark, sandy soil, simi- 

 lar to that around it. 

 Lying on the surface or 

 top, immediately under 

 the grass, were frag- 

 meuts of human bones, 

 such as jneces of the 

 arm and leg bones, 

 pieces of the skull, jaw 

 bones,teeth,etc. These 

 had doubtless been 

 brought up by the plow, as the mound had been cultivated for fifty 

 years, and was considerably worn down. In the central portion, at 

 the depth of about 18 inches, was a level bed of burnt clay and coals 

 (1, Fig. '2G')), which represents a vertical section of the mound looking 

 north (2 indicates the position of tlie skeletons at the bottom). This 

 varied from 2 to 3, or more, inches in thickness, and covered an area of 

 about 18 by 20 feet. 



Diagram of Callaway mound, Monroe comity, Tcnncsaoe. 



