THOMAS.] PENNSYLVANIA. 497 



grave was paved with flat stoues, averaging 3 inches in thickness and 

 from 2 to 4 square feet in area. These were laid so as to fit closely 

 together and extend to the inclosing circle. Within the circle and 

 upon the pavement was a large mass of flat stoues with the outer ones 

 overlapping in regular order, just such an arrangement as would result 

 from leaning a number of boards or other flat objects, one after another, 

 against a support and then removing it. Above the stones in this posi- 

 tion were others thrown in regardless of order or arrangement. 



The grave nearest the river (No. 1) was 12 feet in diameter within 

 the circle of upright stones. Above, in the center, had been placed 

 an adult body, extended with head toward the north. Only a few frag- 

 ments of bones were found. North of this, close to the edge of the 

 circle, were a few fragments of a child's skull, the milk teeth still re- 

 maining in the fragments of the jaw. Ou the west a number of large 

 rocks had been piled up against the outer side of the circle; the object 

 of this was not apparent. The second grave measured 8 feet in diam- 

 eter. The circle and pavement were in i)lace, but all the upper rock 

 had been removed. No bones remained. The third grave had been 

 opened by other parties; so no examination of the interior was 

 attempted. The circle, still undisturbed, was 20 feet in diameter. The 

 fourth grave measured 24 feet across. Most of the stones in the circle 

 were bowlders and the pavement was very irregular, owing to the dis- 

 placement of the stones by the roots of trees. Small pieces of bones 

 were found, too few and broken to tell nuich about their arrangement, 

 though it appeared as if the skeleton liad laid with head toward the 

 east. Two arrow-points were found with the bones. 



All the pieces of bones found had been broken and mashed flat by 

 the weight of the overlying rock, and only such small pieces remained 

 as were under stones which protected them from water. Yellow clay 

 to the thickness of a foot covered the pavements and filled up the inter- 

 stices of the overlying stoues. All the space on top of the mound out- 

 side of the graves was covered with a pavement of rocks, the larger 

 ones being laid flat, the smaller ones thrown in at random. 



Grave No. 1 had about 2 feet of stones and clay above the pavement; 

 grave No. 2, about 10 inches of clay only; graves No. 3 and No. 4, each 

 about 18 inches of clay and stones. 



The appearance of the whole work seems to show that, first, the 

 mound was thrown up of dirt from its immediate neighborhood ; sec- 

 ondly, a circle of stone was set up, a pavement laid within it, on wliich 

 the bodies were placed, stones set on edge, and leaning slightly inward 

 were placed around the body and supported in position; thirdly, clay 

 was x)laced over these stoues, and a lot of stones thrown over all; and, 

 fourthly, all the space not taken up by the graves was paved with flat 

 stoues. Graves Nos. 1, 3, and 4 were in a straight line; grave No. 2 

 was a little to the north. 

 12 ETH 32 



