530 MOUND EXPLORATIONS. 



THE NORTHERN SECTION. 



Tbe aiicieut iiioimmeiits of the Northein states aud tbe minor vestiges 

 of art found in them, considered in the aggregate, differ so materially 

 from those of most of the Sontliern states that it will be best to con- 

 sider them geograi)hically in two sections, the one to be called the 

 Northern Section and the other the Southern Section, each to be subdi- 

 vided into archeologieal districts, determined by the characteristics of 

 the worl<s and the indications of diHerences in customs. ( )f course the 

 boundaries of these districts can not be delinitely given until the ancient 

 works hav(^ been thoroughly explored and all the data obtainable care- 

 fully studied, hence all we can do at present is to indicate these areas 

 in general terms and give provisionally their geographical boundaries. 



The dividing line between the two sections as lixed provisionally 

 runs from the vicinity of Kansas City to the confluence of the Missouri 

 and the Mississipjji; thence southeast so as to leave the greater part of 

 Illinois, most of Kentucky, all of Tennessee, except the western third, all 

 of North Carolina and, of course, all the States north of these in the 

 Northern Section ; all south of the line to t he Gulf of .Mexico Ibnning the 

 Southern Section. A number of the works, however, of Kentucky, Ten- 

 nessee, and Southern Illinois appear to be more closely allied to those 

 south than to those nortli. There is, as might b(^ expected, a mingling of 

 the two classes of types along this dividing line. The reader must 

 understand that, although considered in the aggregate, the distinctions 

 bet\vc(ai the works of the two sections are ijuite manifest, they are not 

 so marked as the differenct'S between the divisions of the Mexican and 

 Central American Section, hei-etofore referred to. 



The subdivision into districts is of more im])ortance, as this is based 

 ujion differences between the antiquities of different areas, presumed 

 to have resulted from varied custcmis and to have some relation to 

 tribal or ethnic peculiarities. These districts will be noticed and pro- 

 visionally outlined as we jjroceed in our r(niew of the various types of 

 works, reference being matie lirst to those of the Northei'n Section. 



THK IJAKOTAN UISTKlc;T. 



This includes North Dakota, South Dakota, Minnesota, Wisconsin, 

 the adjoining portions of Manitoba, the extreme northeastern corner of 

 Iowa, and a narrow strij) along the northern boundaiy of Illinois. 



The distinguishing features of this district are the singular earth- 

 works made to resemble various animals, to which the name " efitigy 

 mounds" or simply "eftigies" is usually ai)plied'; the long narrow 



'X;ii(lalli)C in "L'Ani^-ritiiU' PnOnstoriqiU'." p. 127, ku.vs: " Tlii'st' m-i^ fouml in Iowa. Ohio, UlinoiN, 

 Missi>ui-i, Iniliana, and in yt-neral, in all Ihi' statt'.s i-oniprisoil iu tlit* F.ar West ; Imt tlif pi-incipaU'cnter 

 «if tlicsc .sin;iular strnctnrca apin'ar.s tn hnvv lici-n in Wist-onsin, uln-re they may la- cnunti'd liy llnm- 

 sauda." 'riii.4 statonicnt i.s i-rront'ous si» far as it rcli-rs to jniy otluT ,sci-tii)n tliaii what is incliuh-d iu 

 this dititricl ami Ohio. No such works have hcen I'tanal in XrhfaaUa. Missouri. Iniliana, iuMirlii.i:an- 



