™'>'V''I GEORGIA AXD SOUTH CAROLINA. 593 



Stone walls, wliicli Col. Jones thiuks were made for defense, are found 

 on Stone mountain, Mount Yona, and other peaks of northern Georgia. 

 These, liowever, are in the area overlapped by other districts, and hence 

 can not be attributed with certainty to the authors of the works of the 

 district now under consideration. They are, however, of much interest as 

 indicating- a state of bitter warfare, as this only will explain the neces- 

 sity of retiring to these mouutaiu fastnesses and fortifying them. There 

 is, however, one of these fortified hills on the line between Bibb and 

 Twigs counties, same state, which must be included geographically in 

 this district. 



Of the earthen inclosures some are semicircular, resting on the banks 

 of streams; some are circular, but these are of comparatively small 

 size, and a few are irregularly quailrangular. The regular forms both 

 of inclosures and mounds of the southern states figured by Squier and 

 DaAis chiefly from Raflnesque's MSS. are to a large extent works of 

 imagination. The groups, it is true, exist or did exist, but so far as 

 they rcnmin correspond in few respects with the figures or descriptions. 



CANALS Ol! DITIIIES. 



In addition to the ditches which usually line the walls of inclosures, 

 a few instances occur wheie the surrounding defense consisted of a ditch 

 only. This is true in regard to the celebrated Etowah group, and some 

 two or three other groups in Georgia. 



Canals of considerable extent which are considered prehistoric are 

 found at several points. One of these is said to be 14 miles in length. 



I'OTTKRV AND OTHER iMINOR VESTUiES OF ART. 



The prehistoric remains of this kind found in this district have been 

 so thoroughly described by C. C. Jones, that it is unnecessary to do 

 more here than refer to a few prominent tyjjes. The chief variations 

 from the more northern and trans-Mississippi types are found in the 

 forms of the jyipes and the forms and ornamentation of the i)ottery. 

 Pipes, however, are not abundant among the archeological collections 

 from this district, and a large portion of them approach in form the 

 modern type, or tyjie in use subsequent to European colonization. One 

 Ijeculiar type of pottery is the laige vase with conical bottom. These 

 are found chiefly in Georgia and South Carolina. Another form pecu- 

 liai- to this region is the more elongate vessel with rounded bottom, to 

 which the name "burial urn" has been applied, because in a few 

 instances human bones have been found in them; these, however, are 

 comparatively rare, as urn burial was a mode of disposing of the dead 

 but seldom practiced in any part of the mound regioii. 



The finest si>eciniens of polished discoidal stones, supposed to have 

 been used in the game of " chunkee," have been found in this district, 

 chiefly in (ieorgia. 

 lli ETH 3« 



