622 MOUND EXPLORATIONS. 



indicating permaneucy. In the southern i-egiou, and even in some 

 northern sections, the buildings, although of perishable materials and 

 primitive architecture, were more substantial: and, as will be shown 

 further on, fortified villages were not uncommon in both sections. 



A few references to the statements of early explorers and tra\elers 

 will be sufticient to substantiate the above conclusions in regard to the 

 houses of the aborigines. 



We present first a figure from De Bry,' drawn by Le Moyne de 

 Morgues, the artist of Laudonuiere's expeditions to the coast of Florida. 

 (See PI. XLii.) 



This, which represents a scene on the Florida or Soutli Carolina 

 coast about 1585, was drawn by the artist to show one phase of the 

 burial ceremonies of a deceased chief. In one part we observe a few 

 of the liouses of the native village. 



We also give a second sketch (Fig. 340), drawn by John Wyth, an 

 artist who accompanied Sir Eichard Grenville's expedition in 1585. We 

 copy this also from De Bry: '-Some of their towns," says the artist,^ 

 "are not inclosed with a palisade, and are much more pleasant; Seco- 

 tan, for example, heie drawn from nature. The houses are more scat- 

 tered, and a greater degree of comfort and cultivation is observed, with 

 gardens in which tobacco (E) is cultivated, woods filled with deer, and 

 field of corn. In the fields they erect a stage (F) in which a sentry is sta- 

 tioned to guard against the depredations of birds and thieves. Their 

 com they plant in rows (H), for it grows so large, with thick stalk and 

 ■ broad leaves, that one plant would stint the other and it would never 

 arrive at maturity. They have also a curious phice (C) where they con- 

 vene with their neighbors at their feasts, * * * and from which 

 they go to the feast (D). On the opposite side is their place of prayer 

 (B), and near to it the sepulcher of their chiefs (A). * * * They 

 have gardens for melons (I) and a place (K) where they build their 

 sacred fires. At a little distance from the town is the pond (L) ffom 

 which they obtain water." 



Although the artists may have brought together what were observed 

 at different times, there is no reason to question the realitj' of what is 

 pictured. If so, no one who looks at these iiictures can doubt that the 

 people whpse homes ai-e represented were sedentary and cultivators of 

 the soil. 



In order to show the interior of an Indian house we present this cut 

 (Fig. 341) from Gapt. John Smith's "History of Alrginia."' Morgan, 

 speaking of this figure, says:^ 



The engraving is probably an imiirovement upon the original house in tlio syni- 

 uietry of the structure, but it is doubtless a truthfulrepresontationof its mechanism. 

 It seems liliely that a doulile set of upriglit poles were used, one upou the outside 



' Brevis Nairatio (1591) Tab. xi. 

 'Coiitriliutions to Xortli Am. Eth. A'ol. iv, p. 117. 

 ^Eicliinond ed., 1819, p. 130. 



* Houses and House Life of llio Aiuerirjin Aborijiines. Conirilmtioii-s to North American Ethn. 

 Vol.4, pp. 117,118. 



