XXVI ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 



PAPERS ACCOMPANYING THIS REPORT. 



It has been before promised that the effort of this Bureau 

 will be to prosecute work in the various branches of North 

 American anthropology on a systematic plan, so that every 

 important field may be cultivated, limited only by the amount 

 appropriated by Congress. Each of the papers appended to 

 this report has its proper place in the general scheme, the scope 

 of which they, together with the other publications before 

 noted, serve to indicate, and each was prepared with a special 

 object. The line of research pursued by the several papers, 

 with the circumstances attending their preparation, may be 

 conveniently designated by some introductory remarks upon 

 each of them in .the order which they follow in this volume. 



ZUIfl FETICHES, BY MR. FRANK HAMILTON CUSHING, 



Mention was made in the First Annual Report that Mr. 

 Frank H. Gushing, of the Smithsonian Institution, had proceeded 

 to and was at the time residing at the pueblo of Zuni, New 

 Mexico, to study the language, mythology, sociology, and art 

 of its inhabitants. During the winter of 1879-80 he had by 

 diligent study acquired a conversational knowledge of the lan- 

 guage of the Zunis, and had made numerous sketches and 

 notes on their sacred dances and on the meetings of some of 

 their secret societies, which he succeeded in observing. 



During the succeeding summer and autumn he continued 

 his investigations into the mythology, traditions, and sacerdotal 

 as well as governmental institutions of the Indians, and ex- 

 plored many of the ti-aditional ruins within a radius of 60 

 miles of Zuni. Before the end of the year he had so far ac- 

 quired knowledge of the Zuni language as to take an important 

 position in councils, and was made chief councilor of the nation. 



This increased knowledge also enabled him to learn tradi- 

 tions bearing on historic matters. 



Among these was one concerning the ruin of Ke'iA-kf-me, 

 at the base of Ta-ai-yAllon-ue (Thunder Mountain), a mesa 

 stronghold three miles east of Zuni, which related to the death 



