224 AET IN SHELL OF THE ANCIENT AMERICANS. 



outlined by Massachusetts, Canada West, Minnesota, Missouri, and the 

 Gulf and Atlantic coasts. 



Figs. 1, 6, 7, 11, and 14 of Plate XXXIV represent typical specimens 

 of this class. In every case they are considerably altered by decay, 

 rarely retaining any of the original polish. All come from ancient burial 

 mounds, some of the interments of which i^robably antedate, while 

 others post-date, the coming of the whites. 



The bead shown in Fig. 1 is made from the columella of a Busycon 

 perversum. It is a rude, taijering cylinder, with rounded ends and deep 

 spiral groove. The perforation is bi-conical and somewhat irregular. 

 This, with many similar beads, made of both dextral and sinistral shells, 

 was associated with human remains in the great mound at Sevierville, 

 Tenn. 



Thf bead illustrated in Fig. G has been made from the column of some 

 dextral whorled shell. It was obtained from a mound on Lick Creek, 

 East Tenn. It is a typical specimen of average size, and illustrates 

 very well the large collection of this class of relics made by Dr. Troost. 



Fig. 7 was obtained from a mound at Franklin, Tenn. It is cut from 

 the columella of a Busycon perversum, and is of the usual form, being a 

 heavy, short cylinder, rounded at the ends until it is somewhat globular. 

 The perforation is very large, and has been made almost entirely from 

 one end. The surface is much weathered, the firmer laminw being dis- 

 tinctly relieved. Other specimens from the same locality are much 

 smaller. 



Fig. 11 is from a grave in an ancient cemetery at Swantou, Vt., and 

 is similar to the preceding, having been cut, however, if correctly rep- 

 resented, from a dextral whorled shell. The cut is copied from a paper 

 by G. n. Perkins. ' 



Fig. 14 illustrates a very large specimen of these beads from the 

 Lick Creek Mound, East Tenn. The surface is encrusted, stained, and 

 decayed. It has been made from the broad beak of a Stromhus or dex- 

 tral whorled Busycon, The perforation is symmetrical and bi-conical. 

 Specimens upwards of two inches in length and one and one-fourth in 

 width come from the same place. The larger perforations are three- 

 eighths of an inch in diameter at the ends and quite small in the middle. 



Fig. 12 represents a large bead of symmetrical outline, made from 

 the columella of a Busycon perversum. The shape is artificial, with the 

 exception of a small portion of the spiral canal. The surface retains 

 much of the original polish, but exfoliation has commenced on one side. 



The perforation is about three-sixteenths of an inch in diameter at 

 the ends and one-sixteenth in the middle. There is a slight offset 

 where the perforations meet. It is from a burial mound at Ilarrisburg, 

 Ark. 



The bead shown in Fig. 9 is one of a large number obtained from a 



' Perkins, on An Ancient Burial-Ground in Swanton, Vt., Proceedings of the American 

 Association, 1873. 



