340 COLLECTIONS OF 1879 — ZUNL 



METATES,OB OBAIN-OJtINDERS, AND PESTLES. 



74. (40870). Square red sandstone metate. 



75. (42280). Flat sandstone grinding slab. 



76-82. The following numbers represent the rubbers accompanying 

 the metates. The Indian name is ya'-lmne: 76, (40909); 77, (40910); 

 78, (40911); 79, (40912); 80, (40913); 81, (40914); 82, (41259); sandstone 

 rubber. 



MOBTAUS, PESTLES, ETC. 



These are found in use at all the piieblos, but are more common in 

 Zuiii and the Moki villages than elsewhere, as these Indians use mineral 

 pigments more extensively and in greater variety than any of the others. 



The pestles and mortars obtained from these tribes are all too small 

 to be used for any other purpose than grinding pigments. Many of 

 them appear to be quite old, and were probably handed down from dis- 

 tant ancestors, or obtained from the ruins. Some of them are evidently 

 of modern manufacture. 



83. (40707). Mortar; a round, flat, quartzitic boulder with round cavity 

 on one side about one inch in diameter and half an inch deep, and 

 a square depression on the other about an inch deep and two inches 

 in width; indigo still clinging to the surfiice of the depression. 



84. (40708). Mortar of quartzite, the body nearly square and flat ; de- 

 pression round and about four inches in diameter, quite shallow. 



85. (40709). Mortar of coarse-grained sandstone, almost perfectly round, 

 the cavity quite deep, and lined with red ochre or vermilion. 



86. (40710). Mortar of a flat sandstone with irregular rim about four 

 inches in diameter. 



87. (40711). Paint mortar of a small round quartz boulder. 



88. (40712). Mortar of fine-grained sandstone about six inches long by 

 three wide ; sides square. This mortar was iu use by the Zuiiians 

 for the purpose of grinding a pigment of yellowish impure clay, 

 colored by the oxide of iron, with which, they decorate their pot- 

 tery, and which produces the brown and reddish-brown colors. 



89. (40713). Small mortar of sandstone. 



90. (40714). Mortar made from a flat water- worn quartz boulder with a 

 circular depression about half an inch deep. The bottom of this 

 mortar shows evidence of its having been used as a grinding stone 

 previous to being converted into a mortar, or it may have been 

 used for both purposes, as both the paint cavity and the rubbing 

 side show recent use. 



91. (40715). Paint mortar of basalt, used for grinding the yellow pig- 

 ment for ornamenting pottery; about four inches in diameter, cavity 

 about one inch deep, bottom ground flat. 



92. (40716). Flat paint mortar, of quartz rock, almost round, about an 

 inch thick, depression quite shallow ; used for grinding a pigment 



