430 COLLECTIONS OF 1880. 



were some stone kuives, pipes, a number of rnde stone axes and ham- 

 mers, arrow smoothers, &c. The pottery obtained here is chiefly of the 

 common type and resembles that from San Juan, from whence in all 

 probability it was received by exchange and barter. Earthenware, so 

 far as I can learn, is not now made in Taos, except by a few families 

 where a Taos Indian lias married a woman from San ,Tuan or some 

 other tribe where the manufacture of pottery is carried on. If this in- 

 dustry was ever practiced by the Taos Indians it must have been at a 

 remote period; in fact there seems to be no tradition of it now among 

 them. 



From here we went next to the pueblo of San Juan, situated on the 

 left bank of the Eio Grande, about 50 miles south of Taos. At this 

 pueblo a collection was made of stone implements, articles of clay, &c. 

 These specimens are not quite so representative as those from some of 

 the more southern pueblos, the village being situated on one of the 

 military wagon roads, over which many Europeans pass, and hence 

 frequently visited; many of the most valuable specimens of implements 

 and pottery have been bartered away; however, those we obtained dis- 

 play quite fully all the industries of the people of this pueblo. This 

 collection consists of a number of fine stone mortars, pestles, arrow 

 and spear heads, also several polishing stones. Quite a number of 

 small animal forms carved out of stone were also secured. At this 

 pueblo many specimens of the black polished ware peculiar to a few of 

 the tribes in the llio Grande Valley were collected. 



From San Juan we proceeded to Santa Clara, situated a few miles be- 

 low on the right bank of the Rio Grande. This pueblo proved to be so 

 interesting in its surroundings that some time was spent here in making 

 investigations. We found the people extensively engaged in the man- 

 ufacture of that black polislied pottery of which so little has been known 

 heretofore, especially in regard to the process of baking and coloring it, 

 which is fully described in the text accompanying the catalogue of last 

 year in this volume. The larger portion of the specimens of earthenware 

 obtained here was of this kind, though several si^ecimens of the red and 

 some few of the ornamented class were also secured. 



Most of the pottery manufactured at this village is the black polished 

 ware. That of the decorated class is ornamented with the juice of 

 Cleome integri/oUa, which is fixed in the ware in the process of burning. 

 Mineral substances, so far as I could learn, are not used by the Indians 

 of Santa Clara in decorating their pottery. 



Among the specimens are a number of interesting stone implements, 

 nearly all of an older kind than any made by this people at the present 

 day. 



During our stay at this pueblo some interesting archaeological discov- 

 eries were made of which a brief mention in this connection may not 

 be out of place, and which willcertainly prove of great interest to future 

 investigators. Between the Rio Grande and Valle Mountains, commenc- 



