D0E6ET.] PERSONAL NAMES THE HANGA GENS. 233 



speaks saucily. Difficult Disposition or Temper (of a growing buffalo 

 calf). The Shooter. He who fears no seen danger. Young Turkey. 

 II. Women. — Sacred Third-daughter. She by Whom they were made 

 Human beings (see Osage tradition of the Female Red Bird). Moon 

 in Motion during the Day. Moon that Is traveling. Moon Has come 

 back Visible. Foremost or Ancestral Moon (first quarter?). Visible 

 Moon. White Ponka (female) in the distance. Precious Female. Visi- 

 ble one that has Returned, and is in a Horizontal attitude. Precious 

 Buffalo Human-female. Buffalo Woman. 



THE HANGA GENS. 



§ 34. Hanga seems to mean, " foremost," or " ancestral." Amongthe 

 Omahas this gens is a buffalo gens ; but among the Kansas and Osages 

 it refers to other gentes. In the Omaha tribal circle, the Hanga people 

 camp next to the Iiik6-sabe. Their two chiefs are Two Crows and Icta- 

 basude, elected in 1SS0. The latter was elected as the successor of his 

 father, " Yellow Smoke," or " Two Grizzly Bears." 



Mythical origin of the gens. — According to Yellow Smoke, the first 

 Hanga people were buffaloes and dwelt beneath the water. When they 

 were there they used to move along with their heads bowed and their 

 eyes closed. By and by they opened their eyes in the water ; hence 

 their first birth-name, Niadi-icta-ugab^a. Emerging from the water, 

 they lifted their heads and saw the blue sky for the first time. So they 

 assumed the name of ^je^a-gaxe, or " Clear sky makers." (La Fleche, 

 in 1S79, doubted whether this was a genuine tradition of the gens; and 

 he said that the name Niadi-icta-ugab£a was not found in the Hanga 

 gens ; it was probably intended for Niadi-ctagabi. This referred to a 

 buffalo that had fallen into mud and water, which had spoiled its flesh 

 for food, so that nien could use nothing but the hide. Two Crows said 

 that aSTiadi-ctagabi was au ancient name.) 



§ 35. Ceremony at the death of a member of the gens. — In former days, 

 when any member of the gens was near death he was wrapped in a 

 buffalo robe, with the hair out, and his face was painted with the "hafiga- 

 jp'a n ze," Then the dying person was thus addressed by one of his 

 gens : " You came hither from the animals. And you are goiug back 

 thither. Do not face this way again. When you go, continue walk- 

 ing." (See § 29.) 



§ 36. The sacred tents. — There are two sacred tents belonging to this 

 gens. When the tribal circle is formed these are pitched within it, 

 about 50 yards from the tents of the gens. Hence the proper name, 

 U^uci-naji". A straight Hue drawn from one to the other would bisect 

 the road of the tribe at right angles. 



The sacred tents are always together. They pertain to the buffalo 

 hunt, and are also " w^waspe." having a share in the regulative system 



