D0BBEY 1 THE BUFFALO DANCE, ETC. 349 



Wolf Dance. Tbese meu caunot dance except with the buffalo dancers, 

 and with the consent of the latter. Two Grows has seen thein dance 

 but twice. He and J. La Fleche do not know much about them. 



In this dauce there are no women, and none are doctors, according to 

 La Fleche and Two Crows. No shooting is done, though the dancers 

 act mysteriously. They wear wolf skins, and redden the tips of the 

 wolves' noses, according to < ja^i n -na n ])aji and Frank La Fleche (but de- 

 nied by Two Crows). They paint their bodies in imitation of the " blue 

 wolves, ca^anga-pi-ina ega n -ina-fa n ." Those who have held enemies, 

 or have cut them up, paint the hands and wrists red, as if they were 

 bloody. Others whiten their hands, wrists, ankles, and feet. Some go 

 bareioot. All whiten their faces from the right ear to the corner of the 

 mouth; then from the opposite corner of the mouth to the left ear. 

 They dance in imitation of the actions of wolves. 



§ 262. The Grizzly bear dance.— Ma n tcii-i^ae^-ma, Those who have su- 

 pernatural communications with (frizzly bears, also called Ma n tcu-gaxe 

 watcigaxe, The dance in which they pretend to be grizzly bears. This 

 has not been danced for about ten years, so La Fleche and Two Crows 

 cannot tell who belong to the society. In former days there were wo- 

 men that belonged, but in modern times none have been members. 



This dance is spoken of by La Fleche and Two Crows as an " uckade," 

 a sport or play, and an " iipgaxe," a game. It is danced at any season 

 of the year that the members decide upon ; and all the people can wit- 

 ness it. During the day, it takes place out of doors, but at night it is 

 held in a lodge. 



The man who receives the drum calls on others to help him, speak- 

 ing to each one by name. Then while the first man beats the drum, 

 the two, three, or four helpers sing and the rest dance as grizzly bears, 

 and imitate the movements of those animals. 



Painting anddress.— They make the whole body yellow, wearing nocloth- 

 ing but the breech-cloth. They rub yellow clay on the backs and fronts of 

 their fingers and hands, and sometimes over the whole of the legs. Some- 

 times they redden the whole of the legs. Some whiten themselves here 

 and there; some rub Indian red on themselves in spots. Some wear 

 very white plumes in their hair, and others wear red plumes (hi n qp6). 

 One man wears the skin of a grizzly bear, pushing his fingers into 

 the places of the claws. Some wear necklaces of grizzly bears' claws. 



§ 263. The ^a^-wasabe or Witcita dance— j4(fi u -wasdbe watcigaxe 

 ikageki^g, The society of the Witcita or ja^-wasabe (Black bear Paw- 

 nees). 



The members of this society have a medicine which they use in three- 

 ways : they rub it on their bodies before going into battle; they rub it 

 on bullets to make them kill the foe, and they administer it to horses, 

 making them smell it when they are about to surround a buffalo herd. 

 If horses are weak they make them eat some of the medicine, and smell 

 the rest. Similar customs are found among the Pawnees and Ponkas. 



