ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF THE COLLECTIONS OF 1881. 



By James Stevenson. 



INTRODUCTORY. 



The following catalogue contains a descriptive enumeration of the 

 archaeologic and ethnologic specimens collected in Arizona and New 

 Mexico during the season of 1881. These collections were all obtained 

 from the pueblo of Zuni in Northwestern New Mexico, and the pueblos 

 comprising the province of Tusayau, in Northeastern Arizona. The 

 entire collection contains about four thousand nine hundred specimens. 



The articles of stone consist of axes, in various conditions of preser- 

 vation. Some are quite perfect, while many are more or less impaired 

 by modern uses, for which they were not originally intended. In nearly 

 all instances they are grooved, and a few are provided with double 

 splitting or cutting edges ; but as a rule these axes were made with one 

 end blunt for pounding or hammering, while the opposite end is pro- 

 vided with an edge. The large pestles and mortars were designed for 

 crushing grain and food, the small ones for grinding and mixing mineral 

 pigments for ceramic or decorative purposes. 



Among the articles of stone are about one hundred and fifty hunting 

 and war amulets. These objects present the most interesting features 

 of the collection, and were among the most difficult articles to obtain. 

 The Indians prize them very highly as keepsakes, which they employ 

 in war, the chase, and sacred ceremonies. Each specimen is specifically 

 referred to in the catalogue, accompanied with some wood-cut illustra- 

 tions of such specimens as possess the greatest significance. 



Mr. Frank H. Cushing has presented a full account of the history, 

 traditions, and uses of these images or gods, in a paper entitled " Zuni 

 Fetiches," in the Second Annual Report of the Bureau for 1882, to which 

 the reader is referred. 



In these collections, as in those of the two previous seasons, articles 

 of clay predominate. They consist of Tinajas, or large, decorated, vase- 

 shaped water- vessels. These vary in capacity from one to six gallons, 

 and are the principal vessels used for holding and storing water for 

 domestic purposes. These vases do not vary greatly in form, yet the 

 colored designs with which they are ornamented present as many varia- 

 tions as there are specimens. The causes for these variations, both in 

 size and ceramic characters, as well as the method of manufacturing 

 them, are quite fully explained in the notes accompanying my catalogue 

 of collections from these same localities in the Annual Report of the 

 Bureau of Ethnology for 1S80-'81. 



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