60 PUEBLO ARCHITECTURE. 
the remains of a structure that resembles a kiva, but which appears to 
be of recent construction. 
In the village proper (Pl. xtv) are two distinctly traceable kivas.- 
One of these, situated in the court, is detached and appears to have been 
partly underground. The other, located in the southeast end of the 
village, has also, like the first, apparently been sunk slightly below the 
surface. There is a jog in the standing wall of this kiva which corre- 
sponds to that usually found in the typical Tusayan kivas (see Figs. 22 
and 25). On the promontory and east of the village is a single room of 
more than average length, with a well formed door in the center of one 
side. This room has every appearance of being contemporary with the 
rest of the village, but its occurrence in this entirely isolated position 
is very unusual. Still farther east there is a mass of débris that may 
have belonged to a cluster of six or eight rooms, or it may possibly be 
the remains of temporary stone shelters for outlooks over crops, built 
at a later date than the pueble. As may be seen from the illustration 
(PI. xv), the walls are roughly built of large slabs of sandstone of vari- 
ous sizes. The work is rather better than that of modern Tusayan, but 
much inferior to that seen in the skillfully laid masonry of the ruins 
farther north. In many of these walls an occasional sandstone slab of 
great length is introduced. This peculiarity is probably due to the 
character of the local material, which is more varied than usual. All of 
the stone here used is taken from ledges in the immediate vicinity. It 
is usually light in color and of loose texture, crumbling readily, and 
subject to rapid decay, particularly when used in walls that are roughly 
constructed. 
Much of the pottery scattered about this ruin has a very modern ap- 
pearance, some of it having the characteristic surface finish and color of 
the Rio Grande ware. A small amount of ancient pottery also occurs 
here, some of the fragments of black and white ware displaying intri- 
cate fret patterns. The quantity of these potsherds is quite small, and 
they occur mainly in the refuse heaps on the mesa edge. 
This ruin combines a clearly defined defensive plan with utilization 
of one of the most inaccessible sites in the vicinity, producing alto- 
gether a combination that would seem to have been impregnable by any 
of the ordinary methods of Indian warfare. 
ae 
