82 PUEBLO ARCHITECTURE. 
At the present time dwelling rooms are traceable over a portion of 
the area south and west of the church. As shown on the plan, upright 
posts occasionally occur. These appear to have been incorporated into 
the original walls, but the latter are so ruined that this can not be stated 
positively, as such posts have sometimes been incorporated in modern 
corral walls. In places they suggest the balcony-like feature seen in 
modern houses, as in Hawikuh, but in the east portion of the pueblo they 
are irregularly scattered about the rooms. A considerable area on the 
west side of the ruin is covered with loosely scattered stones, affording 
no suggestions of a ground plan. They donot seem sufficient in amount 
to be the remains of dwelling rooms. 
The Spanish church in this pueblo was built of stone, but the walls 
were much more massive than those of the dwellings. The building is 
well preserved, most of the walls standing 8 or 10 feet high, and in 
places 14 feet. This church was apparently built by Indian labor, as 
the walls everywhere show the chinking with small stones characteristic 
of the native work. In this village also, the massive Spanish construe- 
tion has survived the dwelling houses. 
The ground plan of the church shows that the openings were splayed 
in the thickness of the walls, at an angle of about 45°. In the doorway, 
in the east end of the building, the greater width of the opening is on 
the inside, a rather unusual arrangement; in the window, on the north 
side, this arrangement is reversed, the splay being outward. On the 
south side are indications of a similar opening, but at the present time 
the wall is so broken out that no well defined jamb can be traced, and 
it is impossible to determine whether the splayed opening was used or 
not. The stones of the masonry are laid with extreme care at the an- 
gles and in the faces of these splays, producing a highly finished effect. 
The position of the beam-holes on the inner face of the wall suggests 
that the floor of the church had been raised somewhat above the 
ground, and that there may have been a cellar-like space under it. No 
beams are now found, however, and no remains of wood are seen in the 
“altar” end of the church. At the present time there are low partl- 
tions dividing the inclosed area into six rooms or cells. The Indians 
state that these were built at a late date to convert the church into a 
defense against the hostile Apache from the south. These partitions 
apparently formed no part of the original design, yet it is difficult to 
see how they could have served as a defense, unless they were intended 
to be roofed over and thus converted into completely inclosed rooms. 
A stone of somewhat larger size than usual has been built into the 
south wall of the church. Upon its surface some native artist has en- 
graved a rudely drawn mask. 
About 150 yards southeast from the church, and on the edge of the 
low mesa upon which the ruin stands, has been constructed a reservoir 
of large size which furnished the pueblo with a reserve water supply. 
The ordinary supply was probably derived from the valley below, where 
