MINDELEFF. | K’IAKIMA. 85 
Zuni there, by the Navajo, within very recent times. These rooms have 
been several times repaired, the one on the west particularly. In the 
latter an additional wall has been built upon the northern side, as Shown 
on the plan, Fig. 15. The old roof seems to have survived until recently, 
for, although at the present time the room is covered with a roof of 
rudely split cedar beams, the remains of the old, carefully built roof lie 
scattered about in the corners of the room, under the dirt and débris. 
The openings are very small and seem to have been modified since the 
original construction, but it is difficult to distinguish between the older 
original structure and the more recent additions. 
K’IAKIMA, 
On the south side of the isolated mesa of Taaaiyalana and occupying 
a high rounded spur of foothills, is the ruined village of Kiakima (PI. 
ui). A long gulch on the west side of the spur contains, for 300 or 400 
yards, a small stream which is fed from springs near the ruined village. 
The entire surface of the hill is covered with scattered débris of fallen 
walls, which must at one time have formed a village of considerable 
size. Over most of this area the walls can not be traced; the few rooms 
which can be distinctly outlined, occurring in a group on the highest 
part of the hill. Standing walls are here seen, but they are apparently 
recent, one room showing traces of a chimney (Pl. Livy). Some of the 
more distinct inclosures, built from fallen masonry of the old village, 
seem to have been intended for corrals. This is the case also with the 
remains found on the cliffs to the north of the village, whose position is 
shown on the plan (Pl. Lit). Here nearly all the scattered stones of 
the original one-story buildings, have been utilized for these large in- 
closures. It is quite possible that these smaller structures on the ledge 
of the mesa were built and occupied at a much later date than the prin- 
cipal village. Pl. Lut illustrates a portion of the base of Taaaiyalana 
where these inclosures appear. ; 
A striking feature of this ruin is the occurrence in the northeast cor- 
ner of the village of large upright slabs of stone. The largest of these 
is about 3 feet wide and stands 54 feet out of the ground. One of the 
slabs is of such symmetrical form that it suggests skillful artificial 
treatment, but the stone was used just as if came from a seam in the 
cliff above. From the same seam many slabs of nearly equal size and 
symmetrical form have fallen out and now lie scattered about on the 
talus below. Some areremarkable for their perfectly rectangular form, 
while all are distinguished by a notable uniformity in thickness. Close 
by, and apparently forming part of the same group, are a number of 
stones imbedded in the ground with their upper edges exposed and 
placed at right angles to the faces of the vertical monuments. The 
taller slabs are said by the Indians to have been erected as a defense 
against the attacks of the Apache upon this pueblo, but only a portion 
of the group could, from their position, have been of any use for this 
