MINDELEFF. ] INTERIOR ARRANGEMENT OF HOUSES. 109 
siderably below the average size of the rooms in these villages. A pro- 
jecting buttress or pier in the middle of the east wall divides that end 
of the room into two portions. One side is provided with facilities for 
storage in the construction of a bench or ledge, used as a shelt, 5 feet 
high from the floor; and a small inclosed triangular bin, built directly 
on the floor, by fixing a thin slab of stone into the masonry. The whole 
construction has been treated with the usual coating of mud, which 
has afterwards been whitewashed, with the exception of a 10-inch band 
that encircles the whole room at the floor line, occupying the position of 
a baseboard. The other side of the dividing pier forms a recess, that 
is wholly given up to a series of metates or mealing stones; an indis- 
pensable feature of every pueblo household. It is quite common to find 
a series of metates, as in the present instance, filling the entire avail- 
able width of a recess or bay, and leaving only so much of its depth be- 
hind the stones as will afford floor space for the kneeling women who 
grind the corn. In larger open apartments undivided by buttress or 
pier, the metates are usually built in or near one corner. They are al- 
yays so arranged that those who operate them face the middle of the 
room. The floor is simply a smoothly plastered dressing of clay of the 
same character as the usual external roof covering. It is, in fact, simply 
the roof of the room below smoothed and finished with special care. 
Such apartments, even in upper stories, are sometimes carefully paved 
over the entire surface with large flat slabs of stone. It is often difficult 
to procure rectangular slabs of sufficient size for this purpose, but the 
irregularities of outline of the large flat stones are very skillfully inter- 
fitted, furnishing, when finished, a smoothly paved floor easily swept and 
kept clean. 
On the right of the doorway as one enters this house are the fireplace 
and chimney, built in the corner of the room. In this case the chimney 
hood is of semicircular form, as indicated on the plan. The entire 
chimney is illustrated in Fig. 62, which represents the typical curved 
form of hood. In the corner of the left as one enters are two ollas, or 
water jars, which are always kept filled. On the floor near the water 
jars is indicated a jug or canteen, a form of vessel used for bringing in 
water from the springs and wells at the foot of the mesa. At Zuni 
water seems to be all brought directly in the ollas, or water jars, in 
which it is kept, this canteen form not being in use for the purpose. 
The entrance doorway to this house, as indicated on the plan, is set 
back or stepped on one side, a type of opening which is quite common 
in Tusayan. This form is illustrated in Fig. 84. 
This room has three windows, all of very small size, but it has no 
interior communication with any other room. In this respect it is ex- 
ceptional. Ordinarily rooms communicate with others of the cluster. 
Pl. LXxxv shows another typical Tusayan interior in perspective. It 
illustrates essentially the same arrangement as does the preceding ex- 
ample. The room is much larger than the one above described, and it 
