212 PUEBLO ARCHITECTURE. 
Three women sit down before these stones; the first crushes the grain, 
the second brays it, and the third reduces it entirely to powder.” It 
will be seen how exactly this description fits both the arrangement and 
the use of this mill at the present time. The perfection of mechanical 
devices and the refinement of methods here exhibited would seem to 
be in advance of the achievement of this people in other directions. 
The grinding stones of the mealing apparatus are of correspondingly 
varying degrees of roughness; those of basalt or lava are used for the 
first crushing of the corn, and sandstone is used for the final grinding 
on the last metate of the series. By means of these primitive appli- 
ances the corn meal is as finely ground as our wheaten flour. The grind- 
ing stones now used are always flat, as shown in Fig. 105, and differ 
from those that were used with the early massive type of metate in being 
of cylindrical form. 
One end of the series of milling troughs is usually built against the 
wall near the corner of the room. In some cases, where the room is 
quite narrow, the series extends across from wall to wall. Series com- 
prising four mealing stones, sometimes seen in Zuni, are very generally 
arranged in this manner. In all cases sufficient floor space is left be- 
hind the mills to accommodate the women who kneel at their work. PI. 
LXXXVI illustrates an unusual arrangement, in which the fourth mealing 
stone is set at right angles to the other stones of the series. 
Mortars are in general use in Zuni and Tusayan households. Asa 
rule they are of considerable size, and made of the same material as 
the rougher mealing stones. They are employed for crushing and grind- 
ing the chile or red pepper that enters so largely into the food of the 
Zuni, and whose use has extended to the Mexicans of the same region. 
These mortars have the ordinary circular depressions and are used 
with a round pestle or crusher, often of somewhat long, cylindrical form 
for convenience in handling. 
Parts of the apparatus for indoor blanket weaving seen in some of 
the pueblo houses may be included under the heading of furniture. 
These consist of devices for the attachment of the movable parts of the 
loom, which need not be described in this connection. In some of the 
Tusayan houses may be seen examples of posts sunk in the floor pro- 
vided with holes for the insertion of cords for attaching and tightening 
the warp, similar to those built into the kiva floors, illustrated in Fig. 
31. No device of this kind was seen in Zuni. A more primitive appli- 
ance for such work is seen in both groups of pueblos in an occasional 
stump of a beam or short pole projecting from the wall at varying 
heights. Ceiling beams are also used for stretching the warp both in 
blanket and belt weaving. 
The furnishings of a pueblo house do not include tables and chairs. 
The meals are eaten directly from the stone-paved floor, the participants 
rarely having any other seat than the blanket that they wear, rolled up 
or folded into convenient form, Small stools are sometimes seen, but 
