214 PUEBLO ARCHITECTURE. 
Even the influence of Americans has as yet failed to bring about the 
use of tables or bedsteads among the pueblo Indians. The floor 
answers all the purposes of both these useful articles of furniture. The 
food dishes are placed directly upon it at meal times, and at night the 
blankets, rugs, and sheep skins that form the bed are spread directly 
upon it. These latter, during the day, are suspended upon the clothes 
pole previously described and illustrated. 
CORRALS AND GARDENS. 
The introduction of domestic sheep among the pueblos has added a 
new and important element to their mode of living, but they seem never 
to have reached a clear understanding as to how these animals should 
be cared for. No forethought is exercised to separate the rams so that 
the lambs will be born at a favorable season. The flocks consist of 
sheep and goats which are allowed to run together at all times. Black 
sheep and some with a grayish color of wool are often seen among them. 
No attempt is made to eliminate these dark-fleeced members of the flock, 
since the black and gray wool is utilized in its natural color in produe- 
ing many of the designs and patterns of the blankets woven by these 
people. The flocks are usually driven up into the corrals or inclosures 
every evening, and are taken out again in the morning, frequently at 
quite alate hour. This, together with the time consumed in driving 
them to and from pasture, gives them much less chance to thrive than 
those of the nomadic Navajo. In Tusayan the corrals are usually of 
small size and inclosed by thin walls of rude stone work. This may 
be seen in the foreground of Pl. xx1. PI. crx illustrates several corrals 
just outside the village of Mashongnavi similarly constructed, but of 
somewhat larger size. Some of the corrals of Oraibi are of still larger 
size, approaching in this respect the corrals of Cibola. The Oraibi pens 
are rudely rectangular in form, with more or less rounded angles, and 
are also built of rude masonry. 
In the less important villages of Cibola stone is occasionally used for 
inclosing the corrals, as in Tusayan, as may be seen in Pl. Lxx, illus- 
trating an inclosure of this character in the court of the farming pueblo 
of Peseado. Pl. cx illustrates in detail the manner in which stone 
work is combined with the use of rude stakes in the construction of this 
inelosure. On the rugged sites of the Tusayan villages corrals are 
placed wherever favorable nooks happen to be found in the rocks, but 
at Zuni, built in the comparatively open plain, they form a nearly con- 
tinuous belt around the pueblo. Here they are made of stakes and brush 
held in place by horizontal poles tied on with strips of rawhide. The 
rudely contrived gateways are supported in natural forks at the top and 
sides of posts. Often one or two small inclosures used for burros or 
horses occur near these sheep corrals. The construction is identical 
with those above described and is very rude. It is illustrated in Fig. 
109, which shows the manner in which the stakes are arranged, and also 
