PHONETK^ KEY 



fi u longer and shortf r forms of the Continental a, like a in far 



a as in fall 



A as in Jinui: a elo.--c approximation to u in cut 



e e longer and shorti r forms of the Continental r. like (i iwfale 



e as in bell 



i i longer and short< r forrn^^ of the Continental /. liki' a in .street 



i as in hit 



6 o longer and shorter forms of English o, as in Jlow 



u as in rule 



u as in put 



" " barely formed o aiid u sounds; rather (jnalities of the jjrcccdJng consonant sounds 



than independent Aowels 

 q the velar /•, not found in -English 



g the velar (/ corresponding to the preceding, not found in English 

 y a sound similar to but deeper than the preceding, j)ronounced by the younger 



Indians almost like English y 

 X the velar spirant, ])ronounced like Sj^anish / or (ierman eh 

 X the palatal spirant, often mistaken for h 

 c like English sh in she^rt 

 dz as in adze 

 t< as in sits 



dj like English j and </</ in judge 

 U- like English eh in chairh 



L not found in English, but resembling a rapid pronunciation of / and /, tir ol k and / 

 I, not found in English, but resembling a rapid pronunciation of f/ and / 

 1 a spirant belonging to the same series as the preceding; not found in English 



though often represented by thl or hi 

 t. d, n, s. k, g, h, w, y approximate the sounds for which they stand in English though 



the agreement is Vjy no means absolute 

 tl. si, tsl, tc!, i.I, k!, q! are similar to t, s, ts, tc, i, k. ej. but are accompanied by a 



catch in the breath which sometimes gives the impression of a ])ause, and 



sometimes sounds like a sharp click 

 k' ! when /./ i- pronounced very far forward in the mouth it is sometimes set off in this 



way, but the distinction between the two sounds is by no means clear 

 Lal)ials are found onlv in a few words of foreign origin 



