12 Geology of Canada. 
Arr. I.— Geology of Canada. 
From the Proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Science, at 
Cambridge, August, 1849. 
Mr. T. S. Hunt, of the Geological Commission of Canada, 
made an oral communication upon the results of the geological 
exploration of that country, and showed by the aid of a map, the 
general distribution of the formations and their relation to the 
rocks of New England. The following is a summary of his 
remarks. 
In presenting the report made by W. E. Logan, Esq. to the 
Provincial government, embracing the results of the survey of 
1847-8, I beg leave to offer a brief sketch of the results which 
have been developed by himself and his assistants. The feature 
which first claims our attention in looking at the geological struc- 
ture of this country, is a formation of syenitic gneiss, often passing 
into mica schist, and interstratified with crystalline limestone, 
which forms a ridge of high land extending from the coast of 
Labrador along the north side of the St. Lawrence, at a distance of 
from twelve to twenty miles from the shore, until it crosses the 
Ottawa, near Bytown, whence it is traced across lake Simeoe 
to heichiies of Lake Huron, where its northern limit is observed 
near the mouth of the French river, while it again appears at the 
southeastern extremity upon Matchedash Bay. Resting upon 
this are a series of rocks forming the whole north coast of the lake 
and numerous small islands. It is made up of sandstones, often 
coarse-grained, and sometimes becoming conglomerate from the 
ese beds are ... with 
slates, and one or more bands of limestone. ‘The slates are green- 
ish, and highly chloritic, often coutaini 
they assume the character of conglomerates, from the presence of 
pebbles of syenite. The formation is much cut by greenstone 
i 2d 
ese 
beds contain metalliferous quartz veins, of which t 
of this region are examples. Resting unconforr 
tilted edges of this formation, aud in other places direc 
the sonthern limit of the syenitic gneiss, appear the sil irian rocks, 
identical with thage which are found in New York, and cot 
peninsula betwe ake Huron and Lake Ontario. # 
with the rock designated in the New York no 
Potsdam sandstone, we have upon the Manatoulin I a 
the coast between the aludiieiteah Bay and Sarnia, a vellipline 
posure of those formations known as the Trenton limestone, U 
slates, Loraine Shales, Medina sandstones, and the Niagara | 
