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Geology of Canada. 19 
fossiliferous beds appear to be near the base of the formation. 
The rocks of this valley, southeast of the corneous range, are 
often pierced with masses of a fine-grained, beautiful granite, 
which forms large dykes and often considerable areas, displacing 
the caleareous formation. A range of granite-topped hills bounds 
the valley on the southeast, to the sources of the Chaudiére, and 
constitutes the height of land. 
he facts which we have stated seem to show that the sand- 
stones and red slates with their chromiferous chloritic bands, are 
identical with the dolomitic, chloritic and quartzose rocks of Sut- 
ton valley, and these with the serpentines and quartzose rocks of 
the valley of the Missisquoi; so “that the whole of the Green 
Mountain rocks, including those containing the auriferous quartz 
veins, belong to the Hudson River group, with the possible addition 
of a part of the Shawangunk conglomerates.” The fossiliferous 
rocks of the St. Francis valley are evidently Upper Silurian and re- 
ferable to the Niagara limestones; a similar formation has been met 
with at Gaspé and traced one hundred and fifty miles 8.W.; and 
from the similarity of the Notre Dame to the Green Mountains 
and the fact that the Hudson River rocks are continuous along 
the St. Lawrence to Cape Rosier, we may conclude that the Up- 
per Silurian rocks will be found continuous, or nearly so, throngh- 
out. They constitute the calcareo-micaceous formation of Prof, 
Adams, which he has traced nearly to the southern line of Ver- 
mont. Resting upon this formation in Gaspé is a body of arena- 
ceous rocks, seven thousand feet thick, which apparently corres- 
pond to the Chemung and Portage group of New York. with the 
old red sandstones. As this formation is found extending quite 
to the Mississippi, it is probable that it will accompany the Silu- 
rian rocks through New England and surround the coal fields o 
New Brunswick, of Eastern Massachusetts and Rhode Island. To 
this may perhaps be referred in part the rocks of the White Moun- 
tains, which may sweep around the Western border of the Massa- 
chusetts anthracite formation until lost under the super-carbonifer- 
ous rocks of the Connecticut River. The limestones of Western 
New England seem to be no other than the metamorphic Tren- 
ton limestones of Phillipsburg, while the chlorito-epidotie rocks 
and serpentines of Sutton valley appear again in the rocks of 
southern Connecticut between these limestones and the new red 
sandstone. With such a key to the structure of the metamorphic 
rocks of New England and of the great Appalachian chain of 
which these form a part, we may regard the difficulties that have 
long environed the subject as in a great degree removed, h 
bold conjectures as to their metamorphic origin which have been 
from time to time put forth, fully vindicated. 
