eee. 
i See 
te. 
J. Wyman on the Engé-ena. 43 
to be poised on the altas, is the greater prominence of the mas- 
toid processes in the 7’. gorilla, which are represented only by a 
rough ridge in the 7. niger.’’* 
4. The ridge which extends from the ecto-pterygoid along the 
inner border of the foramen ovale, terminates in 7. gorilla by 
an angle or process answering to that called “ styliform” or ‘“ spi- 
nous” in man, but of which there is no trace in 7’. niger.t 
. “The palate is narrower in proportion to the length in the 
I. gorilla, but the premaxillary portion is relatively longer in 
T. niger.’’t 
These constitute the most important if not the only characters 
given in Prof. Owen’s memoir, which would seem to indicate 
that the Engé-ena is more anthropoid than the Chimpanzée, and 
some of these it is seen must be received with some qualification. 
If on the other hand we enumerate those conditions in which 
the Engé-ena recedes farther from the human type than the Chim- 
panzeée, they will be found far more numerous, and by no means 
less important. The larger ridge over the eyes and the crest on 
the top of the head and occiput, with the corresponding develop- 
ment of the temporal muscles, form the most striking features. 
The intermaxillary bones articulating with the nasals, as in the 
other Quadrumana and most brutes, the expanded portion of the 
nasals between the fiontals,—or an additional osseous element 
if this prove an independent bone,—the vertically broader and 
more arched zygomata, contrasting with the more slender a 
horizontal ones of the Chimpanzée, the more quadrate foramen 
lacerum of the orbit, the less perfect infra-orbitar canal, the orbits 
less distinctly defined, the larger and more tumid cheek bones, 
the more quadrangular orifice with its depressed floor, the greater 
length of the ossa palati, the more widely expanded tympanic 
cells, extending not only to the mastoid process, but to the squa- 
mous portion of the temporal bones, these would of themselves 
be sufficient to counterbalance all the anatomical characters stated 
by Prof. Owen in support of the more anthropoid character of the — 
gé-ena a 
of the body, no reasonable ground for doubt remains, that the 
Engé-ena occupies a lower position aud consequently recedes fur- 
the , 
her from man than the Chimpanzée. 
* Op. cit., p. 394, + p. 395. t p. 395. 
