164 Prof. O. P. Hubbard on Erosion in New Hampshire. 
The cut is north and south about 1600 feet long, and thirty- 
five feet deep; the railroad is at the base, an > 
the former carriage road at the top. 
A, granite, presenting two rocky barriers s, s’, 
the latter somewhat the highest :—these to the 
prea rise more rapidly into ridges than on 
the west. The course of the channels in the 
ponent is diagonal from the east side and de- 
scends south, showing certainly the direction of 
the stream.  ( Qua rtz veins from one to 
four inches thick, dipping from 35° to 42°S.E., 
intersecting the gramite. ‘These are cut off in 
barrier (s’) by two ie veins (f) (/’), of whit- 
ish green feldspar with mica, and in some parts 
is handsome praipliie granite, and all much 
harder and more difficult to excavate than the 
granite ;—(f) is fifty-six feet wide and (/’) 
twenty-one feet. Their course is N. 18° E., 
and dip westerly 66°, and by the light color of 
the feldspar, they may be traced by the eye in 
a tortuous course far up the hills. BB’ B” are 
deposits without stratification, of fine and 
coarse gravel with large and small rounded 
pebbles oa Ses the odie and extending 
somewhat lower than the track of the railroad : 
the portion Br was made up chiefly of pebb bles 
of the — size, even one foot by one and one 
half foot. C is a bed or deposit of swamp 
muck, filling to the brim the excavation in the 
gravel and covering it from s tos’. This ex- 
tends below the track, and east and west, and 
is some two hundred feet wide, in the line of 
section between B/B’. The draining of this 
swamp on the south, caused it to settle and tear 
apart in large patches, and to prevent its filling the 
track as fast as the excavations went on, a close 
row of piles thirty feet long was driven on each 
side and braced apart at top. Coniferous trees 
of considerable size, eighteen inches diameter, 
are found in this at all levels, prostrate and with 
roots attached, and also ae on stumps that 
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bright color. y t) Isa dike of gray amygdaloidal 
trap, sure and one half feet wide. Its course is 
N .; 1t was traced southwesterly up to the 
top the Ttidge some hundreds of feet above 
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