S ee A ." _—_ 
2 Bee = 3 
32) » Charles Whittlesey of Cleveland, on i. : 
When these surveys do not cross the ridges and terracés*” hey 
have still been the basis upon which by short cross levels, taken 
with a pocket instrument, I have obtained the elevations ; and ~* 
the results I think, cannot be wide of the truth. ¢ 
ere may be an extreme discrepancy of three’ feet among 
them, however, arising from changes in the surface of the a 
which is the common plane of reference. 
My opinion has been for many years, that the « rideds* are 
not “ancient beaches” of the Lake, although some of the terraces 
may be. It is indispensable to a beach, that it should at its foot 
or waterline be perfectly horizontal. The Lake ridges are not 
soy. this fact, taken with the external form which they. as- 
suriie; dpeatly, gives them the character of submarine deposits. 
are points on this coast where there are four ridges ris- 
ing in sticcession from the Lake, as in the township of Ridge- 
ville, Lorain County. In other places there are three, as from 
Geneva to Ashtabula; from Euclid through Painesville to Ge- 
neva, two; and from Cleveland to Euclid, one. ‘There are places 
where it is difficult to trace any; and in others as at the city of 
Cleveland, where there are two: or three branches or divisions of 
one ridge for short distances, all about the same level and liable 
to terminate suddenly. ‘The ridges are sometimes upon the crest 
of a terrace, and sometimes lie, like a highway of water-washed 
sand, on the gently inclined surface of a plain, that descends to- 
wards the Lake. “From a regular and beautiful elevated road- 
way, the ridge occasionally breaks into sand knolls, as at Avon 
Centre, Lorain County; at Ohio City near Cleveland, and at 
Painesviile, Lake County. ) 
Where nothing to the contrary is stated, the height given is 
that of the summit of the ridge, terrace or knoll. The first ridge, _ 
or that nearest the Lake, is known in the county as the “North 
Ridge.” The others have different names at different places; as 
the “ Middle Ridge,” ‘Chesnut Ridge,” “ Butternut Ridge,” and 
“ South Ridge.” 
Elevation of the North Ridge, beginning at the Eastern partaf a 
the Western Reserve. ‘ z 
Conneaut, Ashtabula Co., above Lake Erie, .  -. 120 feet. a 
One mile west, . : » (14S eB 
Four miles east of Ashtabula village, ; : ee es 
Base of same for several miles, 85 to 95. 
County line between Lake arid Ashtabula Co., a 107 « 
a northern slope of North Ridge, 
Eight miles west in Lake County, po -b = aeee 
ntreville, 1 mile north of village, —. . S106 18: 
‘Painesville, v1 ees Te 
Mentor well defined for 2 miles level, . pe AOR 
