34 ‘Charles Whittlesey of Cleveland, on 
swell, ~ some creek, or occasionally breaking through ‘asunite 
Lake. 
the These lands are very rich, and with a thoderate ex- 
pense are drained by ditches cut through the ridges, ‘The slo 
of the flat lands between and before the ridges is sufficient o : 
carry off all the water in ditches that have a free curtént. Most _ 
of this land is coming under the plough in this manner, although 
it is equally well calculated for grass. No country can possess 
more rural beauty than that along these “ridge roads.” The 
land in a longitudinal view, is apparently level, as far as the eye 
can reach ; and the buildings congregated along the line of the 
road appear to be arrayed in. curved lines, genty waving to the 
right and left as you proceed. ' Looking from one of the interior 
ridges, which are haa perceptibly higher nae the next one 
towards the if the timber is not standing, another, and 
rudely parallel row of farm houses, barns, orchards, &c., is seen 
at the distance of one, two or three miles; the intermediate space 
perfectly smooth and cultivated, and beyond lies the blue water, 
and the horizon. 
he composition of one ridge does not materially differ from 
another. It is formed of coarse, water-washed, yellowish sand, 
adjacent rocks.- The rocky fragments are not generally worn 
perfectly round, or oblong, as beach shingle is, but are more flat, 
with worn edges. There are mingled with the sandstones and 
shales that compose this gravel, seattered pieces of que flint, 
also granite, and trappean rocks, limestone and ironston 
The basis of the ridge corresponding with x Giparvibek 
clayey soil between, gives rise to a great many springs on the 
Lake or lower side; and this water frequently deposits bog 
iron ore, that has been used extensively in furnaces along the 
lake shore. 
From near Dover Centre, west to Elyria, and even to Vermill- 
ion River, the second or ‘“ middle ridge,” rests on a coarse grained 
sandstone or “ grindstone grit,” which farther east in Cuyahoga 
County rises above the level of the Lake ridges. Between the 
Black and Vermillion rivers, I have not succeeded in procuring 
the elevations. Here they are well developed, and show more 
branches or collateral lines, extending from one ridge to another, 
than is observed farther east. 
By digging shallow wells, the inhabitants find water in abund- 
ance, and generally good. In these wells from 12 to 18 feet deep, 
there are thrown ont as a common occurrence, sticks, timber and 
“dies in a decaying state. I have in my cabinet some pieces of 
is wood, furnished by Dr. Moore of Dover, who took it from a 
d of car rbonaceous matter in a well of his, twelve feet below 
the surface. The well is sitnated on the middle ridges ve feet 
above the Lake. Pieces of timber six inches through 
ees 
