Review of M. Tuometfs Final Report, tyc 61 



Art. VI. — Review of M. Tiwmeifs Final Report on the Geo- 

 logical Survey of South Carolina, presented to the Boston 

 So. Nat. History, May 2d ; by Thomas S. Bcuve. 



The State of North Carolina has the distinguished merit of 

 being the first among the governments of the world, to authorize 

 at its own expense, a full survey of its territory for the purpose 

 of developing its resources, and enlarging the boundaries of hu- 

 man knowledge. 



Since this most worthy act on the part of her government, 

 her sister confederacies have one after another followed her ex- 

 ample ; and the result is that we as a people have a degree of 

 information in relation to our resources, which could have been 

 reached in no other way, and which is of the utmost importance 

 to our progress, while the scientific world at large has been led 

 to rejoice in the acquisition of a vast amount of knowledge of 

 which it would otherwise have long remained ignorant. . 



The State of South Carolina was the second to move in this 

 great work. By order of her legislature, a report upon a geo- 

 logical and mineralogical survey was made by Mr. Lardner Va- 

 nuxem as long as:o as 1S26, and a collection of the minerals of 

 the state deposited in the cabinet of South Carolina College. 

 In 1842 this state authorized an agricultural survey. The work 

 was entrusted to Mr. Edmund Ruffin of Virginia, who conducted 

 it with great ability, but who resigned his office at the close of 

 the first year, making a valuable report of his labors. M. Tuo- 

 roey, the author of the work now under consideration, succeeded 

 him in the survey, and upon the renewal of his commission in 

 1&44, it being found difficult to separate an agricultural from a 

 geological survey, he was directed by the government to make a 

 report both upon the geology and agriculture of the state, and 

 this he has done in the volume before us. 



Introduction. — As an introduction to the subject of the work, 

 we have quite an interesting treatise on the science of geology, 

 embracing a general description of the formations of the earth's 

 surface, stratified and unstratified, with remarks upon the relation 

 of the igneous and metamorphic rocks; upon metallic veins; 

 and upon the phenomena of volcanoes and earthquake* We 

 have also a chapter devoted to paleontology, or the knowledge 

 °J animal remains, and to fossil botany. The characters of the 

 classes of the animal and vegetable kingdoms are given, and 

 some account of the fossil remains of the various orders and 

 genera, with their geological distribution. To this succeeds a 

 chapter upon the fossiliferous rocks and the succession of organic 

 remains. Figures illustrate the facts stated in this part of the 



