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Zoology. 141 



(1.) The pancreatic juice, when pure and recently formed, emulsion- 

 ates fats or oils with the greatest facility ; the emulsion remains for a 

 long time and the fatty bodies soon undergo a fermentation which sep- 

 arates the acids they contain. 



(2.) The chyle begins to be collected in the chyliferous ducts about 

 that part of the intestinal tube where the pancreatic juice is mixed with 

 the alimentary matters. 



(3.) When the pancreas are affected, the fatty substances contained in 

 the aliment pass without change into the dejections. 



The memoir of M. Bernard has been reported upon favorably by 

 MM. Magendie, Milne Edwards and Dumas, a commission of the Acad- 

 emy of Sciences of Paris. 



3. A description of the characters and habits of Troglodytes gorilla ; 

 by Thomas S. Savage, M.D., corresponding member of the Boston 

 Sociely of Natural History ; and of the Osteology of the same, by Jef 

 fries Wyman, M.D., Hersey Professor of Anatomy in Harvard Uni 

 versity, Boston, 1847, (extracted from the Boston Journal of Natura 

 History.) — We have here another species added to the list of anthro 

 pom animals from the banks of the Gaboon river in Africa, an anima 

 however somewhat inferior in its organization to its well known congener 

 and compatriot the Chimpanzee (T. niger of Geoff.) For the first 

 recognition of gorilla (Enge-ena of the natives of Gaboon) as a new 

 species, the scientific world is indebted to Dr. Thomas S. Savage, for 

 many years a missionary resident at Cape Palmas, VV. Africa, where 

 he has devoted the best energies of his life to the advancement of the 

 religion of Christ, and has always made it consistent with his duties to 

 •end a helping hand to the cause of science. 



Dr. Savage, in April, 1847, first saw two crania which he recognized 

 as distinct from the Chimpanzee, and subsequently obtained two others 

 more perfect as well as other portions of the skeleton. These with 

 such information as he could collect from the natives, the Jiving animal 

 being unknown to the white population, were forwarded to Boston and 

 are the subject of the present memoir, the section on the external char- 

 acters and habits being by Dr. Savage, the description of the crania 

 and bones, the specific characters derived from them, and general re- 

 marks, by Dr. Wyman, and published in November, 1847, in the Bos- 

 ton Journal of Natural History. In Feb., 1848, Prof. Owen of the 

 Royal College of Surgeons, received three other crania of the same 

 species, which he described under the name of T. Sacageii, in the Pro- 

 ceedings of the Zoological Society of London, New Series, No. 1. 

 As Prof. Owen has added no new specific characters, T. Savaged (Owen) 

 becomes merely a synonym with T. Gorilla (Savage). 



The first memoir of Drs. Savage and Wyman show that the Enge- 

 enas were far more athletic, in all probability, having a height of about 

 s, x feet, and far more terrible and ferocious than the shy and harmless 

 chimpanzee. Such a belief with regard to their habits exists among 

 *he natives, who regard the chimpanzees as possessed of the spirit of a 

 Coastman, and the enge-enas of the more savage spirit of a Bushman. 

 The cranium of the male measured from the plane of the occiput is 

 two inches longer than an ordinary sized human head, and nearly three- 

 quarters of an inch broader across the zygomatic arches. The scapula 



