

154 Bibliography. 



scapula be a rib, it belongs to the occiput, and this \iew he finds sup 

 ported by the fact that in most fishes and some reptiles the scapula is 

 directly articulated with the occiput, and this he regards its normal posi- 

 tion, and in accordance with this view, avows his conviction, "that in 

 their relation to the vertebrate archetype, the human hands and arms 

 are parts of the head ; diverging appendages of the costal or hsemal 

 arch of the occipital segment of the skull." — (Discourse, p. 70.) 



Many of the views entertained by Mr. Owen with regard to the 

 homologies of the vertebrate skeleton are original with him, as is also 

 the view just referred to, with regard to the relationship of the anterior 

 extremity to the occiput. Coming from so eminent a naturalist, they 

 should command respectful consideration, but are nevertheless not to 

 be admitted as scientific truths unless resting upon the only sure found- 

 ation of knowledge, "observation on the order of nature. " It must be 

 remembered that other naturalists have given an entirely different in- 

 terpretation to the parts in question, and it will, we think, be readily ad- 

 mitted, that a public teacher will not be entitled to consider himself 

 beyond the reach of question, when before a learned audience he in- 

 dulges in poetical applications of a science, when he avows that he 

 does not regard the " conceivable modifications of the vertebrate arche- 

 type as being exhausted by any of the forms that now inhabit the earth, 

 or that are known to have existed here at any former period," and does 

 not think " the inference as to the possibility of the vertebrate type 

 being the basis of the organization of some of the inhabitants of other 

 planets," a "hazardous" one. — Discourse, p. 83. 



7. Report on the Geological Survey of Canada^ for the year 1847-48 ; 

 by W. E. Logan. 165 pp. 8vo. Montreal, 1849. — This report pre- 

 sents an account by Mr. Logan, of the rocks and minerals along the 

 country south of the St. Lawrence, from Montreal and Lake Cham- 

 plain to the river Chaudiere, and the results of analyses by Mr. T. S. 

 Hunt of several rocks and mineral waters. The general review of 

 the region examined exhibits careful research, and a full knowledge 

 of what is scientifically and practically useful ; and it is greatly to the 

 benefit of geological science that the survey has fallen into the hands 

 of Mr. Logan- After many minute and valuable details, describing the 

 rocks, sandstones, limestones, calcareo-chloritic beds, serpentine with 

 intruded trap, he observes as follows: — 



"The facts detailed respecting the structure of the Green Mountains 

 in their Canadian prolongation, would appear to make the plumbaginous 

 sandstones and titaniferous red slates of the Seraphine range in the 

 Seigniory of St. Hyacinthe, which are within a mile and a half of the 

 Trenton limestone of that vicinity, equivalent to those of Granby ; and 

 these rocks, with their chromiferous calcareo-chloritic bands, to the 

 dolomites and chloritic quartzose rocks of Kingsey, Shipton and Sutton ; 

 these again to the serpentine and quartz rocks of Potton, from which it 

 would follow that the whole of the Green Mountain rocks, including 

 those containing the auriferous quartz veins, belong to the Hudson river 

 group, with the possible addition of part of the Shawangunk conglom- 

 erates. The fossils of the succeeding micaceo-calcareous formation of 

 Memphramagog Lake and the St. Francis and Famine Rivers would 

 seem to indicate that it is probably of an age not anterior to the Niagara 





