456 Bibliography. 



the author. This work reviews the subject of storms, explains princi- 

 ples, gives practical directions for navigators, and details many ex- 

 amples of storms in different seas, showing their conformity to the sys- 

 tem exposed, and pointing out the lessons which they teach. If wiih 

 the aid of this work and Piddington's Hornbook of Storms (which is 

 perhaps more convenient and simple), and also the writings of Mr. 

 Redfield, navigators do not learn the character of the winds and gales 

 they have to encounter, they deserve certainly no better fate than the 

 hurricane has in store for careless or willful ignorance. 



14. Outlines of Astronomy ; by Sir John F. VV. Herschel, Bart. 

 K. H. — 620 pp., with plates and wood-cuts. Philadelphia, 1849: Lea 

 and Blanchard. — This work is a text-book of astronomy, from one of 

 the highest names in the science. It takes up the elements of the sci- 

 ence, and leads the student along through the simple principles of mo- 

 tion, refraction, celestial perspective, and terminology relating to our 

 own globe, to the particular survey of the motions of the bodies of the 

 planetary system, cornets, planetary perturbations, and sidereal astrono- 

 my ; and concludes with a chapter on the account of time, and an ap- 

 pendix of four tables, the last of which contains the Elements of Peri- 

 odical comets at their last appearance. 



15. Patent Office Report for 1848; 816 pp. 8vo, with plates. Wash- 

 ington, 1849. — The Patent Office Report continues to prove itself a 

 store-house of knowledge on the practical arts. The number of appli- 

 cations for patents during the four years past, exceeds that for the four 

 preceding years by 2,205, the number of caveats by 670, the number 

 of patents granted by 289, the amount of receipts from all sources by 

 §77,284 45, the balance paid into the treasury to the credit of the pat- 

 ent fund, by $21,389 95. Among the patents we observe a fire proof 

 safe with running water as the non-combustible material, to be used 

 when a city is supplied with water by aqueducts — grooved bricks, so 

 made with dovetailed grooves upon their faces that the moriar will lock 

 them effectually together — a varnish of gutta perchaand chloroform 

 a new mode of manufacturing alkaline chromates, by means of the 

 power of a current of steam to take up and carry away the acids of 

 certain salts when brought in contact with them at a strong red heat. 

 The review of patents for the year is followed by a synopsis of the 

 statistical history of the Patent office — a tabular estimate of the crops 

 in 1848; and next detailed observations on the different kinds of 

 products in the several portions of the country, causes of failure or 

 success, with much information on the modes of cultivation and pre- 

 vention of injuries to crops and domestic animals, including long re- 

 ports on dairies, sugar cane and its treatment, potato disease, ice trade, 



U. S. imports and exports of various kinds, and statistics of home trade. ? 



16. Memorials of John Bar tram and Humphrey Marshall, with no- 

 tices of their Botanical contemporaries ; by Wm. Darlington, Bf.D.i 

 LL.D., 586 pp. 8vo, with illustrations. — This work* will be gladly wel- 

 comed by all interested in the history of American Botany. Bartram 

 was the earliest native American botanist, and the founder of the first 

 Botanical Garden on the continent. His grandfather John Bartram, 



joined William Penn and removed from England to Pennsylvania in 

 1682. The botanist was the son of William Bartram, and was born at 



