MOXOGRAPH OF THE LABOULBENIACE^.. 235 
cted with the outer layers of the cell walls, and, though always readily dcmonstrnted 
crushing, is not affected by the application of pof;i>h. 
The cells of the Laboulbeniacc;\), with the exception of those which lie within the 
wall-cells of the perithecium, and of the receptive portions of tlie trichogync, arc char- 
acterized by possessing thick walls that, when treated with potash, are readily seen 
to consist of a number of layers, the outer of which are less dense, and soon become 
f 
swollen and gelatinous. In a majority of instances they do not seem to be connected 
with the general surrounding envelope by any special organs of attachment ; but, in 
certain cases, the innermost layers of the cell wall give rise to fibrill.T which, paP^'Tng 
through the outer laj 
face of the cnTclope. T 
latter, in such instances, is usually more or loss conspicuously punctate, especially in 
cases m 
iTuscd with some dark color, as, for 
f Lahoulbcnla Ohcrthnn (Plate XXl1[, fig. 39). It may be mentioned in p 
ffusions, usually of blacl 
( 
niv 
appear to be for the most part, if not entirely, confined to the envelope; the cell walls 
wdthin them being, in general, hyaline. 
In some cases, however, this blackening involves at least the outer layers of the 
walls themselves, as, for example, in the ordinary " foot." The same is true also in 
cases where, for instance, the septum separating two cells is thus modified. This 
occurs very frequently in the appen<lages of Laboulbenia and other genera, the black- 
eninn- extending;? inward so 
for 
per for 
ponding to the passage through which the protoplasm of 
tinuous. These blackened septa were noticed by Berlcse, and described in his 
of Laboulbenia arnvllaris as " black 
determined. 
The fibrillai just mentioned, which, in the normal cell wall when it is viewed in 
optical section, give rise to the appearance described by IstvanfTi as being due to the 
presence of " pore 
isted when freed by 
potash, and are characterized by the presence here and there of granular thickenings 
(Plate III, figs. 11 and 12), their extremities being attached to the inner surface of 
pe 
fashion that varies in different instances. In L 
4 
KnnhU, for example (Plate XVIII, fig. 9), they are characteristically attached in sh 
rows, running transversely in the sub-l)asal cell, but less regularly disposed in the c< 
above it. In other cases they may adhere in more compact groups, as in X. JVchr 
or smg 
ly without any definite and characteristic aggregation. These points of 
ent tend to become dark-colored, especially in areas where the envelope itself 
