STRUCTURE OF BAMBOO LEAVES. 
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CHLOROPHYLL PARENCHYMA. 
In Bamboos the chlorophyll parenchyma forms a continuous tissue, filling up the 
space between the longitudinal nerves, the upper and lower epidermis, and the apparent 
cavities. Many genera of other tribes (Paniceæ, Maydew, Zoysies, Andropogone:e, 
Phalaridez, Agrostidese, Chloride, and Festucez) have the chlorophyll parenchyma 
arranged in distinct cylinders, surrounding the longitudinal nerves, the chlorophyll-cells 
outside the parenchyma-sheath of the vascular bundle standing at right angles to the 
surface of that sheath and appearing in a transverse section as palisades radiating in all 
directions. This arrangement, which is described by Duval-Jouve (* Histotaxie,’ p. 348) 
and by Pée-Laby (in Ann. Sc. Nat. 8"* sér. viii. 1898, p. 287), has not yet been found 
among Bamboos. 
Between the apparent cavity and the upper epidermis we usually find two or three 
horizontal layers of cells, while below, between its lower edge and the lower epidermis, 
there is, as a rule, one layer only. Sometimes two are found (Dinochloa andamanica 
and Dendrocalamus giganteus). This character varies in the same species. Below the 
bulliform cells and between the two apparent cavities there are three or four horizontal 
layers of cells, filling up the space above the lower epidermis. One of these layers, 
consisting of from one to three cells, separates the two apparent cavities. When this 
layer consists of one cell only it is often empty, and its walls are plain, without folds 
(Pl. 12. fig. 13, Dendrocalamus giganteus). Both arrangements, two or three cells with 
folded walls and full of chlorophyll and a single empty cell with plain walls, I have found 
in the same leaf. 
The chlorophyll-cells of Bamboos as a rule have the shape of flat, irregularly oblong 
plates with rounded edges—the broad face, which shows in a transverse section, being 
vertical, at right angles to the surface of the leaf, while of the two narrow faces the 
shorter is seen in a longitudinal section and the longer in a flat section, cut parallel 
with the surface of the leaf. Both broad faces have a number of projecting rounded 
folds which divide each cell into a number of tubular compartments. In many cells 
these folds are continuous from top to bottom, in others they do not reach to the middle. 
These folds were figured and fully explained by Karelstschicoff on p. 183 of his 
paper (3) and in fig. 3 (5, c, d) of his t. 9. In the cells between the apparent cavities 
and the lower epidermis the folds proceed from the upper edge only, while in the cells 
immediately under the upper epidermis the folds proceed from the lower edge. In the 
other cells the folds proceed from both edges, and in the cells between the lower epidermis 
and the bulliform cells they project into the interior from all four sides. Wendehake, 
on page 54 of his paper (“Anatomische Untersuchungen einiger Bambuseen "), 
states that, while all species of Arundinaria and Phyllostachys examined by him have 
folds proceeding from the upper and lower edge in the cells immediately above the 
apparent cavity, two Bamboos (Bambusa vulgaris, Nees, and B. verticillata, Nees) have 
folds on the lower edge only in these cells. Itis not clear to which species the author 
refers : Bambusa vulgaris, Schrader, is a well-known species, but there is no B. vulgaris, 
