eRe gee See E amc E i he nd. 
di oca e e 
Me E ANS ae E 
Fora.) 
VIII. The Anatomy of the Jhlianiacee considered Jrom the Systematic Point of 
View. By F. E. Fnrrsch, D.Sc., Ph.D., F.L.S., Assistant Professor of Botany, 
University of London, University College. 
(Plates 20 & 21 and two Text-figures. ) 
Read 20th June, 1907. 
Tug creation of a new Natural Order obviously calls for a far more careful serutiny of 
the evidence from every point of view than in the case of the establishment of a new 
systematic unit of minor importance. The researches of the last twenty years have 
shown that an investigation of the anatomy of the plant often furnishes valuable 
` characters supplementary to those obtained by a study of the external morphology, and 
consequently anatomical structure may be looked to, to confirm conceptions gained by 
such a study. In the case of a Natural Order, and especially of one of limited size, we 
may hope to find in the anatomy of the plant certain constant and characteristic features 
Which will not only form a valuable addition to the exomorphic diagnosis, but may 
also contribute materially towards a determination of affinities. And even should an 
investigation of the anatomy not afford results so useful to a systematist, it is never- 
theless the requisite of modern botanical science to study the plant in all its aspects, 
and consequently its anatomy may not be neglected. A consultation of Solereder’s 
*Systematische Anatomie der Dicotyledonen °’ will convince anyone that our present-day 
knowledge of Phanerogamie anatomy, though it has made extensive progress in the 
last twenty years, is totally inadequate. Systematists are beginning to recognise the 
necessity of remedying this state of affairs, but the task that lies before them is an 
enormous one, Before we may expect to have an adequate knowledge of the detailed 
anatomy of the vast number of Phanerogams, the external morphology of which is more 
or less completely studied, many years will have to elapse. In the meantime, however, 
we must guard against adding to the mass of uninvestigated material; when new forms 
are described we should strive as far as possible to include anatomical details in the 
description. Recognising this fact, I was only too glad at Mr. Hemsley’s suggestion 
to undertake an investigation of the anatomy of the two genera Juliania, Schlecht., 
and Orthopterygium, Hemsl., which form his new Natural Order Julianiacee*. The 
Outcome of this investigation constitutes the subject of the present paper. It was 
* “On the Julianiacem: a new Natural Order of Plants," Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, ser. B, vol. 199, 1907, 
Pp. 169-197, plates 18-24; also Proc. Roy. Soc. ser. B, vol. 78, 1906, pp. 231-236. For the sake of brevity, 
the frequent references to Mr. Hemsley’s paper are made in the form of “ Hemsley, p. —,” without further 
~ Citation of the title; the first of the two papers just cited is always that referred to. 
SECOND SERIES.— BOTANY, VOL. VII. se 
