ANATOMY OF THE JULIANIACER. 147 
reduced to a mere point or is flatly compressed so as to appear as little more than a 
line. The cells themselves vary exceedingly in shape, being contorted and compressed 
and elongated in various directions. Isolated solitary crystals often occur in this 
tissue (Pl. 21. fig. 1). 
Immediately beneath the outer bounding layers of the fruit-wall a number of thick 
round bundles of sclerenchymatous fibres are situated (Pl. 21. figs. 1 & 2, scl.), the 
individual fibres being much elongated in the longitudinal direction and having a 
polygonal outline and a distinet rounded lumen in transverse section; the walls of the 
fibres are thick and of à white colour. In a surface-view of the ovarial wall these 
bundles are seen to branch frequently, the branches anastomosing with one another and 
forming the complicated network of ribs visible on the outer walls of the ovaries. 
These bundles of sclerenchymatous fibres, of which there is no indication whatever in 
the young fruit, develop in the outer portion of the thin parenchymatous tissue, which 
eontained the abundant resin-canals ; the latter are no longer recognisable in the mature 
fruit. It seems as if the sclerenchymatous strands first commence to develop round 
about these resin-canals, gradually encroaching more and more upon them, until 
ultimately they are entirely obliterated. In the middle of the bundles of sclerenchyma 
one frequently meets with a small mass of brown disorganised tissue, which possibly 
represents the remains of the secretory organs in question. Between these sclerenchy- 
matous strands and separating them laterally from one another are masses of large and 
relatively thin-walled cells with abundant simple pits on their walls (Pl. 21. fig. 1, p.) ; 
these pits are often developed to such an extent as to give rise to a kind of reticulate or 
scalariform appearance on the wall. In a transverse section of the ovary-wall these 
cells appear the more elongated the nearer they lie to the sclerenchyma-bundles, those 
immediately bordering on the latter being quite like fibres and arching round the 
bundle, till at the middle point of the internal surface of the latter they bend inwards 
and form part of the bundle (Pl. 21. fig. 1, f). These bundles of sclerenchyma and the 
intervening large pitted cells are separated from the more internal tissues of the ovary- 
wall by a layer of large cells containing large solitary crystals. This crystalline layer 
(Pl. 21. fig. 1, c.l. 2) quite resembles that occurring beneath the inner lining-layer of the 
wall, but has an undulated course ; it is bent outwards between each pair of sclerenehy- 
matous bundles. In many cases all the tissues internal to the bundles of sclerenchyma 
have their cell-walls coloured a bright yellow. 
The large, simply pitted cells lying between the bundles of fibres acquire gradually 
thinner walls as the outside is approached (cf. especially Pl. 21. fig. 2). I have already 
mentioned that the sclerenchymatous bundles branch and anastomose in a highly 
characteristic manner, the meshes, formed by their network, being occupied by the 
thinner pitted cells (p.). The outer lining-layer of the ovary-wall at this stage is formed 
by à mass of brown compressed tissue, in which the individual celis are no longer 
recognisable (Pl. 21. figs. 1 & 2, o.ep.). At many points this layer is even completely 
Wanting, the outer surface of the ovary-wall being formed by the sclerenchymatous 
bundles and the intervening pitted cells (cf. Pl. 21. fig. 1). In some cases a few hairs 
are still to be met with on the outer surface of the ovary (Pl. 21. fig. 2). 
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