308 MR. A. S. HORNE ON THE STRUCTURE AND 
English translation of this work, however, his description of the female flower is 
modified and he states that the inferior ovary is surmounted by an epigynous * calyx." 
Baillon's “ calyx” or perianth consists of numerous, small, unequal, subulate folioles, 
I was unable to find a definite perianth (Pl. 31. figs. 2, 4, 5), but between the points of 
insertion of the stamens there are exceedingly minute excrescences, which, in my material, 
are nothing more than the natural areas raised by contrast between two stalked organs 
inserted close to one another. The perianth figured in ‘ Plantze Davidianze ’ (ii. p. 308) 
seems to be an exaggerated expression of these minute bulges. The perianth described by 
Harms, in the work referred to above, is not represented in the original figure of the 
hermaphrodite flower accompanying the text. 
In the youngest stages, before the elongation of the style, the stamens of the herma- 
phrodite flower are on a level with those of the male flowers (Pl. 31. fig. 4). The 
presence of the hermaphrodite flower is thereby completely masked. Its position when 
present is always indicated by the upper bract, which has an apical hood that is adpressed 
to the surface of the inflorescence immediately above the position of the stigma. Its 
under surface is hairy and the hairs interlock withthe anthers. At this stage the style 
is practically undifferentiated and the stigmatic rays small. By the growth of tissue 
the stigma gradually emerges from the hooded apex of the bract, the rays spreading 
radially outward. Finally, the bract expands and the hermaphrodite flower becomes 
fully visible. Its stamens project above the level of the surrounding male flowers 
(Pl. 31. fig 1). 
The ovary has generally from six to nine loculi—the mean number in the material 
examined being seven. The number of stamens varies independently of the number of 
loculi. The correlation table (Pl. 32. fig. 10) shows the nature of the variation. The 
loculi are uniovular. The ovules are attached axially as in Sambucus. They are 
situated radially in the mature ovary with the vascular bundle of the raphe between 
the axis of the ovary and the nucellus. 
3. VASCULAR STRUCTURE OF THE INFLORESCENCE. 
The bracts of very young inflorescences are inserted a little below the globular head 
of flowers. As growth proceeds they become displaced downwards. The vascular 
structure of the peduncle between the torus and bracts is curious. This structure was 
studied by means of serial sections of young inflorescences. It is illustrated by 
diagrams made from sections at different levels (Pl. 33, figs. 1-14). 
The emergence of the stamens in groups corresponds to vascular groups in the torus. 
The staminal bundles pass into regular or irregular cylinders. The adjacent bundles: 
of particular groups begin to anastomose just beneath the epidermis. The cylinders 
converge and amalgamate with others or pass direct into a plexus of vascular tissue m 
the torus. Fig. 1 represents a superficial section through the top of a torus. The 
dots in this case represent individual bundles and each group of bundles corresponds to à 
similar number of stamens. In subsequent diagrams the dots represent either single or 
