302 : MISS M. G. SYKES ON THE SEEDLING AND 
EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. 
"PLATE 34, 
Figs. 1 & 1a are drawn from seedlings grown in the Botanic Garden, Cambridge ; the other seedlings 
figured were obtained from Professor Pearson's material. 
(Except when otherwise mentioned, the drawings are life-size.) 
Fig. 1. Seedling about 13 months old. C—cotyledon ; P=leaf; R=small swelling projecting from the 
common bases of the cotyledons at their point of junction; F=feeder still enclosed in seed- 
coat ; B— bifurcation of root ; H — minute lateral rootlets. 
la. A young seedling of about 24 months. A small ridge (R) is here shown, and is evidently 
derived from one of the processes (R) seen in fig. 1. A triangular portion (T) beneath the 
ridge has been intercalated between the bases of the old cotyledons, which are, however, still 
marked by a small projecting edge (c), which is prolonged for a short distance in a down ward 
direction. L-back-turned plumular leaf ; C', C! — bases of old cotyledons. 
2a & b. Older seedling. Y=the swollen portion of the hypocotyl; X=slightly flattened top of 
hypocotyl, with the ragged remains of the base of the cotyledons (C); L=one of the 
plumular leaves (the other has been removed) ; B=buds in the axils of the cotyledons ; 
(;=groove at the base of which the leaves take their origin ; R=ridge formed partly from 
the bases of the old cotyledons and partly from the further growth of the swellings seen in 
8. Seedling a good deal larger and probably somewhat older than that shown in fig. 2, but in some 
respects less advanced in development. K —upper cylindrical portion formed by the further 
swelling of the fusiform hypocotyl; U=unswollen part of hypocotyl; C downward sloping 
scars, which represent part of the areas of attachment of the two old cotyledons, now separated 
from one another by the growth of the region between the cotyledons, which has resulted in 
the formation of a more or less triangular portion (T), the triangle having its apex directed 
downwards ; the ridges (R) are still separate and do not extend round the ends of the groove, 
but are limited to its two sides. Other letters as before. 
4a. An older seedling. Br=a small ridge, the inner lip of the leaf-groove, which has now grown 
up round the base of each of the buds (B). 
4b. The same seedling, seen in another position. Letters denote levels determined by sections :— 
A —the upper level of the diarch root-structure; between A and C a gradual separation of 
the two poles of the diarch root takes place which is complete at Bx ; C —the level at which 
the separation of the xylem and phloem groups at the two poles begins, resulting in the ' 
formation of four exarch collateral bundles ; E is the probable origiual level of attachment of 
the seed, as judged by the drawing out of two of the bundles opposite the point of attachment 
of the feeder ; at F the four groups become more or less concentric; H is the level of the base 
of the ends of the groove and the origin of the cotyledonary buds; L, a little higher, is iu 
level of attachment of the base of the plumular leaves at the sides of the groove. It is 
seen that the groove is deeper at the ends where the buds arise than at the sides, where it is 
raised up by the growth of the bases of the leaves. | 
4 c. The same seedling seen from above, after the removal of the tops of the buds. The inner? idge 
(Br) at the base of the buds is seen to be continuous round the two buds, but not to pass ip 
between them. Other letters as before. (x 2.) 
5. Top of a young plant, showing one of the cotyledonary buds divided into three lobes. 
