636 
SEDGWICK AND WINSLOW. 
BACILLUS OF TYPHOID FEVER. 
a rural district for a period of four years. Typhoid fever 
gh the 
fever in 
total number of cases was only twenty-two, showed a maximuui in August and a 
between November and February. Berger concluded that typhoid 
mmimum 
fever is most prevalent with a falling barometer and a rising thermometer, hy- 
grometer, and dew point, and that its occurrence Is favored by damp and cloudy 
weather. Ruhemann alluded only in passing to typhoid fever, mentioning its 
summer maximum. Finally, in 1899, Weichselbauni*^^^^^ concluded that " no seasonal 
distrlbudon of tvphoid, no preference of that disease for any special time of year, 
at least in the marked sense in which it has been shown for cholera, has been, or will 
be demonstrated."* 
Curschmann, in the latest monograph on typhoid fever, ^^^^^ notes that this disease 
shows a " constant and for many countries a uniform relation to the seasons. 
" Everywhere the increased frequency occurs during the late summer and autum 
months." *' The period of least prevalence of typhoid fever is everywhere the sprin 
and the begiuntug of the summer, especially the months of March, April, and May 
yy 
?) 
IIo rpjotcs the figures for London (Murchison), Dresden (Fiedler), and the Hamb 
epidemic of lSSC-87, and 
6 
ible for Leipsic which is reproduced below 
The 
London and Leipsic figures, when plotted, show very regular curves. 
Cases of Tvi'hofd Fever received into Jacobsspital, Leipsic, from 1880 to 1892. 
J 
r 
122 
9G 
M 
9 
( 
A 
M 
78 
71 
J 
75 
J 
136 
A 
252 
s 
210 
o 
193 
N 
150 
88 
In commenting on these facts Curschmann says: "The causes for this remarkabl 
ty 
the 
of typhoid fever to season are 
y 
holly unk 
» 
Belli en.. (Einjluss der Wltterung auf DljJdherie, Schnrlack, Maseru unci Tuphus, Arch. f. Hyg 
nas recently publislieil an exliau.stiv« study on the influence of weather on the prevalence of diphtheria, scarlet 
fever, mca-A':*, and typhoid. His motljod consists in the arrangement of the individual inouths for a i^eriod of 
In* n!!.?iT ^^^^'-'^^ ^*^f '^'"o ^^ temperature, humidity, and precipitation, and the tabulation of the morbidity 
rpj^^ cities treated are Carlsruhe, Berlin, Bremen, and Breslau 
A seriea of t.iblcci Is apixiiided 
.tss«s or moncns. l lie cities treated are Carlsruhe, Berlin, Bremen, and i>resi.iu. 
of morbidity in Carlsruhe from the four diseases treated by five-day periods with 
-» yiaM..nu..- analysis ox tne meteorological conditions. The results of the investigation are conflicting and incon- 
clusive. \\ ,th reference to typhoid fever. Dr. Behrens sums up the evidence from his own work and that of Jesseii 
and Kurosi as follows: ♦' Typhoid reaches its maximum in hot weather at Carlsruhe, Berlin, and Breslau, in cold 
weaMier at Hamlmrg, and in weather of medium warmth at Budapest. At Bremen no influence of temperature 
^•rg, ana m weather of medium warmth at Budapest. At Bremen no influence of temperature 
f f u ^, ^f ^=*''^'^^' ^'^'^''^ Breslau, and Budapest agree in the fact that the number of typhoid cases is 
greatest when the hutnuiity is least; in Bremen, on the other hand, the maximum occurs when the hygrometer i« 
u UT A f^^'Y P''^?^P»tatiou and a maxinmm of rainy days favor the disease in all cases." His final conclusion 
tempe 
disease is as follows: "Typhoid 
with a coole 
