fale on the Geology of South Alabama. 3565 
through a wide ge Its northern outcrop may be 
ge. 
7“ “blufls, on the two main water 
| <p near ok’s 2 
re - rses. Its thickness varies from fifteen to twenty feet. It con- 
sists of fine quartzose sand, mixed with silicate of iron, and is 
sometimes marly by testaceous remains, with which it greatly 
abounds. 'The best development of this deposit occurs in Clark 
Zz. ty on Bashui creek and its ‘branches. It is here densely charg- 
with fossils, including nearly all the different species of testa- 
cea common in the other parts of the series, together with many 
eo ones, some of which are unique. the latter may be no- 
ed a species of Rostellaria, differing from Lea’s R. Lamarckii in 
ving a more attenuated ewe and a very spe tubercle 
situated on the back of the body whorl. Also a new species of 
Voluta, having a general resemblance to V. Inetator of the Lon- ~ 
don clay, but differing in a remarkable deposit of enamel behind — 
the aperture, forming a large bourelet covering half the spire to 
the summit, enveloping also the folds of the columella, and 
yea sy flattening and deforming the symmetry of the ——— 
Also a new species of Tornatella: shell robust, spirally fluted 
flattened ribs, spire attenuated, two stout folds on the col 
outer 9 denticulated. A new species of Ranella trans 
ribbed, cancellated, with small intermediate varices between the 
two sioeigad ones, and coarse indentations on the inner margin | 
r 
“4 
y 
- the outer lip. Another species answering to Cassidaria cari- by 
ta, Lam., figured in Lyell’s Principles of Geology, as a charac- 
i tubercles. 6 bed spect consideration which we designate 
3, is the source of several mineral springs, as the ‘Talla- 
ont Bladon, Minisoenitie, Heme ale, and some others of less 
notoriety. These all appear to be identical in their mineral prop- 
erties, which are evidently derived by infiltration from the in- 
gredients of the subjacent bed of lignite through which they 
percolate. But this bed of lignite, (No. 2,) for other Teasons - 
may be considered a very important part of the series. It 
lies upon the lowest bed of the group, which last, No. 1, con- 
sists of bituminous clay, more or less sandy and sometimes con- 
taining large masses of sandy concretions. This clay bed is 
about twenty-five’feet in thickness and rests dee on, 
the subjacent cretaceous beds. It may be traced along #l ie A ai 
bama river from Tate’s ferry to near the Upper Peach-tree 
ing; where it terminates; also on the ‘Tombecbee river from 
Wood’s bluff to its termination, at ‘Black bluff. It appears to be 
destitute of fossils; but with its associated bed of lignite, it forms 
a very distinct line of demarkation between the tertiary and cre- 
s. At Grayson’s landing on Goal bluff, as it is 
Sometimes called, the deposit of lignite is well developed i in con- 
