ee en . 
360 C.S. Hale on the Geology of South Alabama: 
a peculiar zoological type that nak evident change of 
goatee condition. 
With a few of the smaller less chardctertil species that have 
d into these upper beds, we meet with a large proportion of 
Radiata, such as Scutella, Spatangus, d&c., and as we as scend in 
‘series, various new species of pecten and oysters, to the al- 
most entire exclusion of the species that prevailed in the prece~ 
ding deposits. 
The ferruginous sand which we regard as the transition bed, 1s 
not very distinguishable from the bed immediately pose ex- 
cept for the large number of Scutellee which it contai Six 
miles below Ctaiborne at the bend of the Alabama, ta may be 
seen with a large amount of its characteristic fossils, where the 
superjacent strata are identical with those similarly associated in 
the Claiborne section. But the series are continued upwards so 
as evidently to connect with the Orbitolite limestone, we a few 
miles down the river near Dale’s ferry, a similar connexion may 
be seen with a very full development of the Orbitolite peered 
Many other instances of this kind might be adduced if it were 
necessary to show that such is the true order of the series. 
The white limestone formation is exhibited in detached and 
n 
-of Munroe, Clark and Washington. In the neighboring counties, 
and even through the state of Mississippi, the white limestone is 
replaced by a blueish argillaceous marl, in some instances loose, 
in others hard and compact. After the white limestone was de- 
posited, new agencies appear to have been brought into operation, 
= furrowed out its beds, and, in many instances, laid bare 
the lowest of the subjacent strata. These effects are more 
spotisfent: in the northern limits of Clark county, where the de- 
nudations have extended to a lowest eocene beds and formed 
between the limestone hills in some instances to the 
depth of three or four hundred feet. These are the only marked 
effects of violent disturbance that occur in any part of the series, 
and they very probably belong to a much later date, perhaps to 
that change of geological conditions indicated by the overlying 
mass of sand and clay. But whether this superficial mass was 
formed within or after the eocene period, we have not the means of 
knowing, as it is destitute of fossils. The gravel and rolled shin- 
gle however seem to indicate a kind of agency more in accord- 
ance with events of some subsequent date, than with that of the 
tranquil deposition of the preceding eocene strata. 
The train of these remarks has caused us to omit noticing the 
paleontological features of the white limestone formation. The 
orbitolite and other coralline remains which constitute its princl- 
pal ingredients have already been alluded to. Their accumula- 
tion here furnishes a striking illustration of the remark, “That 
Sy 
