398 Meeting of the American Association 
in use from Philadelphia to Harrisburg, on the Susquehanna, a dis- 
tance of 107 miles, passing over a rolling and highly cultivated coun- 
try. ans not crossing any high ridges. — The Romper railroad, now 
h 
the Ohio river, will be 251 miles in length, making the whole distance 
from Philadelphia to Pittsburg 358 miles. — line crosses the Alle- 
ghany aap at Sugar Run Gap; and from Harrisburg to the base 
of the mountain, a distance of 133 miles, the line follows co 7 of 
the Juniata river, and has no grade greater than twenty-o r 
mile. he curvatures are.easy and the road neers to high velocities. 
The mountain is ascended on the eastern side by 12,3, miles of a gr 
of eighty feet per mile, similar to that on the Western railroad of. Mas- 
sachusetts. The summit of the mountain, is then passed by a tunnel 
700 yards long, and the’ line. = the summit to tela repgl Se is 106 miles 
long, with a maximum, grade ty-two. feet 
he railroad eae m a burg to Cincirinati will be 330 miles, 
x the way of Massi assillon, soit and Columbus. While the distance 
Ms 
ae of its length will traverse the elevated table lands of that state, 
which are very favorable for railroad construction. 
The speaker described the permcipert topographical features of the 
states of Pennsylvania and Ohio, and exhibited a profile of the crest 
line of the Alleghany mountain oul a distance of forty-four miles. 
‘In.conclusion, he explained that the best and shortest railroad route 
from Cincinnati to New York and Boston passed through Pennsylvania 
and Philadelphia ; and that the same was true of a road from St- Louis. 
And also that from Cleveland on Lake*Erie to New York, the distance 
by the railroad through Pittsburg and Philadelphia, will be “ y miles 
shorter than by the way of Dunkirk: and Piermont. 
Report on the Winds of the Northern Hemisphere. By Professor 
J..H. Corrin.—After some remarks upon the importance in investiga- 
countries in which go were taken. T Ww > wridelygugaitot #ed 
over both continents, and the Atlantic, Paci - Aretic oceans, and 
embraced an aggregate period of over two’ thousand peas “7 i ve | a 
dred and fifty fixed stations, beside numerous voyages tours— 
more extensive collection, he — than had ever “efore ‘een 
brought together for the pur 
He next pointed out the witha’ he adopted to determine from these 
observations, the mean course of the wind, which was the same as that 
by which the traverse of a ship at sea is resolved. 
By the aid of extensive diagrams he then proceeded to establish the 
fact that between lat. 334° and lat. 60°, there is a general current from 
the west, (a rather from a little to the south of nese) extending entirely 
- round the | 
, but that as we approach those limits (particularly on 
