86 



STONE ART. 



[eth. ajw. 13 



iuipleuieiit from being forced into the handle. The edge is symuietrical, 

 though much striated. The specimen shown in figure 74 (of gxanite, 

 iiom Kanawha valley, West Virginia) represents a peculiar form. There 

 are several like it in the collection, all but this one from islands in the 

 Pacific. 



Chipped Celts. 



On account of their shape and iindoubted 

 use, a class of celts, although neither pecked 

 nor ground, is introduced. Many of them re- 

 semble, in most respects, the so-called paleo- 

 lithic imi)lements, though sometimes of better 

 finish. They are made with a rounded top and 

 nearly parallel sides; rudely triangular; or 

 with the sides curved to a point at the top. 

 The edge may be straight or curved, and is 

 usually chipped, though sometimes ground ; a 

 few are chisel-shaped. Usually they show no 

 signs of wear; when they do, it is always in 

 the form of a polish at the larger end, or on 

 the exposed facets. One of black flint, 8 inches 

 long, from Kanawha valley, has a scraper- 

 form edge, smoothly i^olished. Many, even of those scarcely changed 

 from their original form and natural surface, have the 

 edges dulled and j)olished fi-om use as scrapers or 

 adzes. 



The collection includes the following ex- 

 amples: 36 of argillite, flint, porphyry, 

 and compact quartzite, from Montgomery 

 county, North Carolina, some with the wider 

 edge sharp (figure 75, of flint); 12 of lime- 

 stone and flint from Mason county, Ken- 

 tucky; 70 of argillite, a few with the edges 

 ground, ft'om southeastern Tennessee (fig- 

 ure t6,from McMiun county) ; over 300 from 

 Kanawha valley, nearly all of black flint, 

 a few being of diorite or quartzite — some 

 are partly polished, or have ground edges 



Fig. 15. — Cbipped celt. 



Fig. 76.— Chipiifd 



Fig. 



celt. 



celt. 



-(.'hipped 



(figure 77, of black flint, from a mound). 



Hematite Celts. 



With the exception of two from Iowa and a few from Preston county, 

 West Virginia, the hematite celts in the collection are from Kanawha 

 valley, and are small, ranging in length from 1 to 2f inches, except one 

 4i and one S.J inches. They are illustrated in fignres 78, 79, 80, and 81, 

 the last from a mound. Nearly all have been ground directly from the 



