FOWKE] 



USES OF HAMMERSTONES. 



95 



-iA 



Fig. 92.— HammerstoDe. 



but tbe point and attaching it to a withe handle,' while the Shoshoni 



and Ojibwa made use of a round stone, wrapped in leather, attaclied 



bj- a string of 2 inches to a handle 22 inches long covered with 



leather; this was called a i)ogganiog- 



gau.- Rounded stones are said to 



have been used ■ by the California 



Indians as bolas,^ though it is more 



probable that they were slung shots. 



The ancient Californians worlvcd out i 



a round stone for an acorn-sheller; 



the jiresent Indians use any smooth 



stone.^ Elaborately carved round 



stones, mounted iu handles as clubs, 



are known to have been used by the 



Queen Charlotte island Indians for 



killing fish,^ and other northwestern 



Indians have been observed to use a round stone inclosed in a net and 



atta(;hed to a line as a sinker.*^ 



It is not necessary to quote references to the well-known fact that 

 the Eskimo and the Patagonians made use of round stoues of various 

 sizes as bolas. There is no evidence that our Indians ever used any- 

 thing of the sort. 



GKOovnn Stonks other than Axes. 



Three subclasses of grooved stones, differing in essential features 

 from axes, may be discriminated. They are as follows: 

 A. Slightly or not at all worked, except the groove; often showing 



marks of violent usage. With these may 

 be classed the large stone hammers of 

 the Lake Superior region. 



TV. Round or ellipsoid stones; in the 

 latter the groove may follow either axis, 

 riie type (figure 93) is of sandstone from 

 Carter county, Tennessee. 



V. Resembling axes in all but the edge. 

 Of class A there are none in the collec- 

 tion; their form and size are such that 

 they could have been for no other purpose than hammerstoncs. Of 

 class B there are some from Savannah, which may be sinkers or club 

 heads. According to Morgan, oval stones with grooves were secured 

 iu the heads of war clubs,' and Carver observed that the southwestern 

 Indians used as a sluug-shot a curiously worked stone, with a, string a 



Fig. 93. — Grooved round stoue. 



>Dod|ie; Our Wild Indians, plate I, fig. 3. 



2 Lewis and Clarke; Travels, p. 425. 



'Powers; Contributions to N. A. Ethnology, vol. ill, p. 52. 



"Ibid., p. 433. 



^Dawson; Fossil Men. p. 119. 



^Stevens; Flint Chips, p. 95. 



