166 



STONE ART. 



[ETn. ANN. 13 



% 



u 



Fig. 247 Per- 

 forator, not 

 stemmed, double 

 jiointed. 



from base to point. Some are undoubtedly arrowheads, as they are too 

 bhint or too thin to have been used for piercing. Others show marks 

 of use which could have been produced in no way except by drilling 

 in stone. The specimen illustrated in figure 24G (from 

 Kanawha valley) shows this to a marked degree, while 

 that shown in figure 247 (from i^'icholas 

 county, Kentucky) is without such indi- 

 cations. The distribution of this form 

 is wide, including Kanawha valley; 

 northeastern Kentucky; southwestern 

 Illinois; southwestern Arkansas; south- 

 western Wisconsin; Coosa valley, Ala- 

 bama; northwestern and southwestern 

 Georgia, and Savannah ; eastern Ten- 

 nessee; and Scioto valley, Ohio. 



C. With the base very large in ratio 

 to the point or piercer ; sometimes the 

 entire implement is worked smooth or fig. 248.— Perforator, 



... not steiumed, rough 



thin, again it is the natural fragment or base. 

 chip of stone entirely unworked except a point flaked on one part or 

 edge. The piercer varies from one-fourth of an inch to two inches in 

 length. It could have been utilized only as an "awl" or "needle," 

 the base being held by the thumb and finger. This variable form is 

 represented in figure 248 (from Lawrence county, Ohio). It comes from 

 Scioto valley; Kanawha valley; western and central North Carolina; 

 northeastern Kentucky; Keokuk, Iowa; southwestern and southeastern 

 Arkansas; eastern Tennessee; and Savannah, Georgia. 



D. Piercer thin and slender; base thin, expanding 

 to a wing-like projection on each side. Very few are 

 strong enough to have been used for drilling even in 

 soft material, but they are excellent for ijiercing 

 leather or similar substances. The expanding wings 

 would make them ' good points for 

 hunting and fishing arrows, as they 

 ■would have great ijenetratiug power 

 and be very difficult to extract from a 

 wound, while allowing very firm attach- 

 ment to a shaft. The type, shown in 

 figure 249, is from Kanawha valley. 

 Other specimens come from the same 

 locality, and also from southwestern 

 Illinois, and Biown county in the same 

 state; eastern Tennessee; Keokuk, ne. 250.— Perf.irator, 



Fig. 249.— Perforator, 

 not stemmed, ex, 

 pandinj; ba.se. 



Iowa; Scioto valley, Ohio; northeast- pandingbase!*' 



em Kentucky; southern Wisconsin; and Savannah, Georgia. 



-B. With slight expansion at the base . These may be thick or thin, 

 wide or narrow, and, according to their diftereul forms, might be used 



