FOWKE] 



PERFURATOKS, STEMLESS AND STEMMED. 



167 



as drills, ])lercers, or arrowheads. A good example (presented in figure 

 250) is from Kanawha valley, West Virginia. It is found also in north- 

 eastern Kentucky, northeastern and southeastern Arkansas; eastern 

 Tennessee; southwestern Illinois; and southwestern Wisconsin. 



All of the foregoing perforators are without stems, unless the larger 

 portion left at the base may be considered as such. 



STEMMED F(^HMS 



The form of the stem and shoulders among i)erforators is often the 

 same as in the stemmed arrowheads, etc., pre- 

 viously described. 



A. Stem usually taperiTig; shoulder more or 

 less defined; never barbed; blade wide at the 

 part next to the stem, tapering rapidly by con- 

 cave lines to a sharp point. Probably spear- 

 points or large arrowheads with the blade 

 worked to a point. The type, shown in figure 251, 

 is from Kanawha valley. 



B. Slender point; wide wings 



m 



or shoulders; stem straiglit or 



nearly so; the implement hav- '^^ 

 ing the form of a cross. Some 

 are less than an inch long, and 



very delicately worked, while Fio. 251 Perforator, stemmed. 



Fig. 252.--P6rforator. others rcach 3 inches in length, and are thick. Some 



atenimed. very wide ^ ^ 



shoulders. from Savanuali have very broad stems. There is a good 



example (figure 252) from Ouachita county, Arkansas, and others from 



southwestern Arkansas; 

 western North Carolina; 

 and Savannah, Georgia. 



C. Narrow and thick •. '\ 

 almost of a diamond or X' 

 round section; stem ex- 

 panding or straight; with 

 slight shoulders, some- 

 times slightly barbed. 

 Some of the thinner ones, 

 probably arrows, have a 

 lenticular section; a few 

 are triangular in section. 

 This form is well suited for drilling, and many of the specimens show 

 marks of such use, especially the one illustrated (figure 253), the edges 

 of which are striated almost the entire length. This is from Mason 

 county, Kentucky; and the distribution of the tyiie includes Kanawha 

 valley; Scioto valley, Ohio; eastern Tennessee ; northeastern Alabama; 

 western and central North Carolina; southeastern and northeastern 



Fig. 253. — Perforator, stemmed. 



Fig. 254.— Perforator, 

 stemmed. 



