170 



STONE AKT. 



1 ETH. ANN. 13 



instruiQent, with a short handle of wood or elkhorn tied on with raw- 

 hide: hokliug this in one hand, she chips at the hardened skin, cutting 

 off a thin shaving at every blow.' 

 The scrapers of this class in the Bureau collection are as follows: 

 A. Chipped over the entire surface to the form of the ordinary celt, 

 except that the scraping edge is in the same plane with one face. Some 

 have a scraijing edge at each end. In a few the flat or straight face 



is chipped off slightly, bring- 

 ing the edge toward the mid- 

 dle line ; but this was probably 

 done after the imjjlemeut had 

 become broken or blunted 

 from use. When there is any 

 polish, it is always on the flat 

 face, showing use as an adze, 

 or, possibly, as aplane. Vary- 

 iiigmuch in width, some meas- 

 uring almost the same in either 

 direction, while others are 

 more like the " chisel " ceits, 

 though the position of the 

 cutting edge shows their use. 

 A typical specimen (figure 

 259) is from 

 Jackson coun- 



FlG. IjGU.— Steiiilesa scraper, celt form. ty, lllinOlS^ 



others come from Brown county and the southwestern 

 part of the state generally; from northeastern Kentucky ; 

 Keokuk, Iowa; southwestern Wisconsin; eastern Ten- 

 nessee ; and central Ohio. 



B. Flakes or spalls, chipped always from the concave 

 side of the fragment. Some of the smaller specimens, 

 usually those of somewhat circular outline, are chipped 

 nearly, or in some cases entirely, around the edge. Fig- 

 ure 260 represents a specimen from Mason county, Ken- 

 tucky. Others come from northeastern Kentucky; east- 

 ern Tennessee; Holt county, Missouri; Kanawha valley; ^^^ 

 southwestern Wisconsin ; Miami valley, and central Ohio ; draper, flaUe, 

 Coosa valley, Alabama; Union county, Mississippi; and Savannah, 

 Georgia. 



Cores. 



The generally accepted name "cores" is applied to the blocks from 

 which are struck off the flakes to be next described. 



Dr. Gillespie- claimed that objects of this kind were made so inten- 

 tionally, and that the flakes are simply the refuse or waste material. 



260. — Stemless 



' Oiir Wild Indians, p. 256. 



• Gille.spi.;, Dr. W. ; Jour. Anth. Inst. Gt. Br. and Ird., vol. VI, p. 260. 



