254 



ABOKIGINAL REMAINS IN VERDE VALLEY. 



[ETU ANN U 



plan, figure 297. Figure 303 shows a type in which the framing is 

 extended up ou one side nearly to the top, while on the other side it 

 extends only to half the height of the opening, which above the fram- 

 ing is hollowed out to increase its width. This example occurs near 

 that shown in i)late xlix, and the floor of the chamber is raised about 

 2 feet above the bench from which it is entered. The illustration gives 

 a view from the interior, looking out, and the large opening on the right 

 was caused by the comparatively recent breaking out of the wall. 

 Figure 303 shows the doorway to the group of chambers marked E on 

 the general map, an interior view of which is shown in figure 302. In 

 this example the obvious object of the framing was to reduce the size 

 of the opening, and to accomplish this the slabs were set out 10 or 12 

 inches from the rock forming the sides of the opening, and the inter- 

 vening space was filled in with rubble. Plate xxxii, which shows the 

 interior of the main room in group D, shows also the large doorway 

 on the north. 



It will be noticed that these doorways all conform to one general 

 plan and that this plan required an opening considerably larger in its 



upper third than in the lower two-thirds 

 of its height. This requirement seems 

 to be the counterpart or analogue of the 

 - U ^r^^9'-or f".P IjC^- notched doorway, which is the standard 



, JNt-1 — 2=^^ ~ — «Zjc3r type in the cliff ruins of Canyon de 



Chelly and other regions, and still very 

 common in Tusayan (Moki). Figure 304 

 shows a notched doorway in Canyon de 

 Chelly and figure 305 gives an example 

 of the same type of opening in Tusayan. 

 The object of this peculiar shape in the 

 regions mentioned has been well estab- 

 lished,' and there is no reason to suppose 

 that similar conditions and a similar 

 object would not produce a similar 

 result here. This type of opening had 

 its origin in the time when the pueblo builders had no means, other 

 than blankets, of temporarily closing door openings and when all the 

 supplies of the village were brought in on the backs of the inhabitants. 

 In order to secure i>rotectiou against cold and storm the opening was 

 made of the smallest possible size consistent witli its use, and the upper 

 part of the opeuing was made larger in order to permit the introduc- 

 tion of back loads of faggots and other neces;,.iries. This purpose 

 would be almost as well served by the openings of the cavate lodges as 

 by the notched doorway, and at the same time the smallest possible 

 opening was exposed to the weather. The two types of openings seem 



Fig. 304. -Noti-lieil doorway in 

 Canyon de Cbeily. 



■A Study of Pueblo Architecture, liy Victor Mindelel)': 8th. Ann. Kep. Bur. Eth. for 1886-1887; 

 Washington, 1891, pii. 1-228. 



