112 HOPI KATCINAS [eth. ann.21 



A row of eagle feathers is continued from the head down the back, 

 with red lines shown among the feathers, indicating liorsehair. 

 There are highly colored parrot feathers on the top of the head. 



Accompanying the figure of Hopinyu, the artist has drawn a pic- 

 ture of Samo wiiqtaka (Old Man Cactus), who carries a cactus fruit 

 in one hand and a basket of the same on his back. 



Hopinyu is sometimes called a Sikyatki katcina, as the clan by 

 which the helmet is now owned formerly lived in a pueblo near 

 Sikyatki, called Kiikiitcooio, which is now a ruin. The author has 

 seen a fragment of pottery from Sikyatki, on which is drawn a face 

 identical in sym))olism with that which is here depicted as charac- 

 teristic of Hopinyu." 



KE TOWA BISENA 



(Plate LXII) 



This ancient mask belongs to the Bear family of Hano, and has a 

 general similarity to Kotka's* mask, or that of the Honau (Bear) 

 family of Walpi. 



There are the same radiating eagle feathers about the head, the 

 lozenge-shaped eyes, mouth, and long beard, but no horns are repre- 

 sented in the picture. In place of the latter we have, on the right- 

 hand side, a symbolic squash blossom, and on the left, feathers. 



The katcina, as represented, has a fox skin about the neck and a 

 bear skin over the shoulders. He carries a ceremonial water gourd in 

 the right hand, a small pine tree in the left. The artist has also 

 represented two bear paws on the feet. 



Masks Introduced by Individuals 



sio (sovowa) 



(Plate XLV) 



A Hopi named AVikyatiwa'' introduced a few years ago into Walpi 

 from Zuiii a katcina to which the name Soyowa has been given. 

 The picture of this being shows a mask with two upright tablets, one 

 on each side, terraced to symbolize rain clouds. On the front of the 

 lower part of these tablets there are symbolic sunflower symlioJs, and 

 the visor of the mask has the form of a crest of eagle feathers. Two 

 figures painted on the forehead are rain-cloud symbols. The face is 

 green, with three oblique lines, colored yellow, red, and blue, on each 

 cheek. The introduction of this katcina by a man still living at 

 Walpi is an instructive example of the way in which additions have 

 been made to the Hopi pantheon in modern times. 



a The etymology of this word is doubtful, but there can be detected in it a likeness to the word 

 hopoko (eastern), referring, no doubt, to its origin from eastern pueblos, from which the Sikyatki 

 clans are reputed to have come. 



fc Kotka really belongs to the Spider clan, which all regard as one of the Bear group. 



c Wikyatiwa is a member of the Walpi Snake clan. 



