A LIST OF THE GENERA AND FAMILIES OF MAMMALS. o 
Examples of Preoccupied Names in Mammalogy and Ornithology—Continued. 

Name adopted. Name rejected. Preoceupying name. Authority for name adopted. 

BIRDs—continued. 
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Nyctanassa, 1887 ..... Nyetherodius,1852.. | Nycterodius, 1842 (Arde- | Stejneger, Proc. U. S. Nat. 
ide). Mus., X, 295, 1887. 
Am. Ornith. Union, First 
Suppl. Check List, 20, 1889. 
Otocoris, 1888 -- - ----- Eremophila,1828 ...| Eremophilus,1805 (Pisces) )Stejneger, Proc. U. S. Nat. 
| Mus., V, 33, 1882. 
@tocoris, 18882 9--- Phileremos, 1831....| Phileremus,1809(Hymen- (Am. Ornith. Union, Check 
optera). List, 238, 1886. 
Perissospiza, 1900....| Pyenorhamphus, | Pienoramphus, 1866 ...... Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. 
1874. | |- Mus., XXII, 227, 1900. 
Prionornis, 1895...... Prionirhynchus, | Prionorhynehus, 1853 | Salvin and Godman, Biol. 
1857. | (Crustacea). | Cent. Am., II, 454, 1895. 
Rhinoptilus, 1850 ....| Macrotarsius, 1848 ..| Macrotarsus, 1795 (Mam- | Strickland, Proe. Zool. Soe. 
| | malia). London, 1850, 220. 
| Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., 
| XXIV, 43, 1896. 
Sporophila, 1844..... | Spermophila, 1827 ..| Spermophilus,1822(Mam- | Am. Ornith. Union, Check 
| malia). List, 289, 1886. 
Tilmatura, 1854...... | Trypheena, 1849 ....| Triphena, 1816 (Lepi- | Salvin, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., 
| | doptera), XVI, 385, 1892. 
Zamelodia, 1880 ..... Hedymeles, 1851....| Hedymela, 1846 (Aves)...| Coues, Bull. Nutt Orn. Club, 
| V, 98, 1880. 
| Am. Ornith. Union, Auk, 
XIV, 130, 1897. 




The late Professor Marsh, in explaining his reasons for retaining 
Titanotherium, says: 
The generic name Titanotherium Leidy is antedated by Menodus Pomel [1849]. 
The latter, however, is essentially the same word as Menodon von Meyer 1838, 
and is also objectionable in its form; hence Titanotherium should be retained.* 
This action was endorsed by Professor Osborn.’ Professor Cope, 
who was originally an ardent supporter of the validity of names differ- 
ing by one letter, modified his attitude shortly before his death, so far 
as to change some of his names which he feared might be considered 
preoccupied. Referring in 1894 to his own genus Ca/amodon, pro- 
posed twenty years before, he said: 
A genus of birds has been named Calamodus [by Kaup, in 1829], a name which is in 
my opinion abundantly distinct from Calamodon. As, however, there are persons 
who, like the American Ornithologists’ Union, will make this resemblance an excuse 
for changing the name, I suggest that they call it Conicodon, from the shape of the 
molars as distinguished from those of Stylinodon. ¢ 
In view of this divergence of opinion regarding preoccupied names, 
it has been deemed advisable to discuss the subject somewhat in detail, 
and in preparing the index to keep in mind the needs of various 

«Am. Journ. Sci. & Arts, 3d ser., V, 486, footnote, 1873. 
» Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., VIII, p. 158, 1896. 
€ Àm. Nat., XXXVIII, p. 594, 1894. 
