PART III: INTRODUCTION. 785 
places, with a reference in each case to the name adopted, so that no 
confusion need be caused by looking for a generic name under either 
the old or new family designation. If, however, this method entails 
any difficulty, recourse may be had to the special index at the end of 
Pact ITI. 
An examination of the list of generic names will show that in many 
cases the same species has been made the basis of several genera. 
This may be due to the first name being preoccupied or to the fact 
that one or more of them have been published in obscure places and 
consequently overlooked by subsequent workers. Thus Bah/russa 
babyrussa, Géraffa giratta, Hippopotamus liberiensis, and Microtus pine- 
lorum have each formed the basis of 4 generic names; D/crostonyx 
torquatus, Fiber zibethicus, and Tayassu torquatus of 5; and Galeo- 
pithecus volans, Hydrodamalis gigas, and Simia satyrus of 6. Three 
striking examples are those of the aye-aye (Dauhentonia madaqas- 
cariensis) and the two-toed anteater (Cyclopes didactylus), each of which 
has received seven names; and the chimpanzee (S/mia troglodytes), 
which has received no less than nine: 
AYE-AYE. TWO-TOED ANTEATER. CHIMPANZEE. 
Daubentonia Geoffroy, 1795. Cyclopes Gray, 1821. Troglodytes* Geoffroy, 1812. 
Scolecophagus Geoffroy, Cyclothurus Lesson, 1842. Pan Oken, 1816. 
1795. Didactyles Cuvier, 1829. Mimetes* Leach, 1820. 
Aye-aye Lacépeéde, 1799. Dionyx * Geoffroy, 1835. Theranthropus Brks., 1828. 
Cheiromys Cuvier, 1800. Eurypterna Gloger, 1841. Anthropopithecus Bl., 1838. 
Psilodactylus, Oken, 1816. — Myrmecolichnus Reich., Hylanthropus Gloger, 1841. 
Myspithecus* Blainv., 1839. 1836. Pseudanthropos Rhb., 1860. 
Myslemur Blainville?, 1846. Myrmydon Wagler, 1830. Engeco Haeckel, 1866. 
Pongo* Haeckel, 1866. 
Three of the chimpanzee names—J/imetes, Pongo, and Troglodytes— 
are preoccupied, and several of the others are scarcely ever cited, even 
in synonymy. <Anthropopithecus, the only one which is commonly 
used, is antedated by both Pan and Theranthropus. 
An attempt has been made to call attention to cases of this kind by 
cross references. Thus, a generic name that is preoccupied is marked 
with a dagger (+) and followed by the name (in parentheses) distinctly 
proposed to replace it or by the earliest available name for the same 
genus. If several names have been proposed for the same species, 
cross references are given after each to the other names which are 
earlier. It must not be supposed, however, that all the synonyms are 
mentioned in this way. Critical study of the synonymy of some groups 
will doubtless bring to light numerous other names which are practi- 
cally identical, but cross references to synonyms of this kind are 
beyond the scope of the present index. 

* Preoccupied. 
50 
1591— No. 23—03 


