.MCGEE] PLACE-NAMES OF SERILAND 19 



by Spanish pioneers to a hospitable native chieftainess ; afterwards apparently 

 fixed through the name of an early mining camp and garrison and perhaps by 

 similarity to a local aboriginal (Opata) term connoting maize, i. e., sonot. 



Rio Bacl'ache (Bacuache river): Name of long standing; specific doubtless from 

 the Opata term bacot, "snake", with a locative termination, i. e., ".Snake 

 place". 



tARROYO Carrizal (Reedy arroyo) : Generic and specific Spanish; colloquial desig- 

 nation used by the Seri chief Mashem in describing the island; a traditional 

 name of long standing. 



tARROYO Agua Dulce (P^reshwator arroyo): A traditional name like the former, 

 also used by JIashcm. 



'Arroyo Millard (Millard arroyo) : Named in memory of S. C. Millard, aid and 

 interpreter in the expedition of 1895 (died 1897). 



*Arroyo Mariana (Mariana arroyo) : Named in honor of Mariana ( Papago Indian), 

 a guard accompanying the 1?95 exiiedition, who had once approached this arroyo 

 ou a hunting expedition. 



"Arroyo Mitchell (Mitchell arroyo): Named in honor of John Walter Mitchell, 

 photographer of the 1895 expedition. 



tPozo EsCALANTE (Escalante well): Generic Spanish, specific in honor of Sergeant 

 Juan Bautista de Escalanto, the first Caucasian to cross El Infiernillo (in 1700), 

 who is reputed to have dug the shallow well still existing; the name has 

 been retained ever since alternatively with "Agua Amarilla" (Yellow water); 

 doubtless the "Carrizal" of certain early maps; the site of the only mission ever 

 established in Seriland, and of the massacre of Fray CrisiJstomo Gil in 1773. 



*Pozo Hardy (Hardy well) : Named in honor of Lieutenant R. W. H. Hardy, R. N., 

 second known Cau<'a8ian visitor to the spot, 1826. 



'Aguaje Anton (Antou water, or water-hole) ; Generic a common Mexican term; 

 specific applied in memory of Anton (Papago Indian), a guard and visitor to the 

 spot in the expedition of 1895. 



*Aguaje Pauilla (Parilla water) : A traditional water (not found by the expedition 

 of 1895) named in memory of Colonel Diego Ortiz Parilla, the vaunted destroyer 

 of the Seri in 1749, whose imposing expedition may have reached this point. 



*B.\RRANCA Salina (Saline gorge): Generic colloquial Mexican, specilic denoting 

 the cliaracter of the practically permanent water; the designation applied by 

 Mexicau vaqueros and I'ajjago hunters, who occasionally visit the locality. 



*TlNA.JA Anita (Anita basin): Generic a useful Mexicau term for a water-pocket, 

 or rock basin containing water supplied by storms or seepage; sijecific a tribute 

 to Anita Newcomb McGeOj M. D., Actg. Asst. Surg. U. S. A.; perhaps the 

 "Aguaje deAndrade" of 1844. 



*TiNA.JA Trinchera (Entrenched basin): Specific a common Mexican term for the 

 ancient eutreuchments found on many mountains of Papagueria; applied in 

 recoguition of a few low, loose-laid stone walls about the tiu.ija, the only 

 structures of the kind known in Seriland. 



Rancho San Francisco dk Costa Rica: Name .applied by the founder, Seuor 

 Pascual Encinas, about 1850. 



Rancho Santa Ana : Name applied by the founder, Seaor Encinas, about 1870. 



Rancho Libertad: Name applied by the founder, Seiior Encinas, about 1875. 



Tbe fairly full geographic nomenclaf,ure of Seriland merely expres.sesi 

 the necessity for place names, felt in some measure by all intelligent 

 beings, and realized especially by explorers and describers of the 

 region. Excepting the ranches and perhaps Pozo Escalante, they denote 

 natural features only, and, with the same exceptions, the features ai'e 

 seen but rarely or from great distances by enlightened men. Despite 



