McoEE] kino's famous ENTRADA 1694 59 



Now, this itinerary i^ecounts, in deflnito ami unmistaltable terms, tbe 

 incidents and localities of a Jouruey down tbe valley of Kio San Ignacio 

 (also called Santa Magdalena, Altar, Ascuucion, Piti()uito, Caborca, 

 etc, in different parts of its course), from tbe present city of Santa 

 Maji'dalena by tbe present town of Caborca to the coast at a point almost 

 directly west of both Caborca and Santa Magdalena. ^Moreover, Kino's 

 map of 1702 ' locates " Nazareno " on this river, and permits identifica- 

 tion of the sierra with Dewey's "three c<)ns|)i(!uous peaks" placed 

 directly inland from the lagoon at the mouth of San Ignacio river, on 

 the Hydrograpbic Ofiflce charts; it also locates Caborca (miswritten 

 "Cabetka") in approximate position. Furthermore, it would have been 

 physically iuipossible for tbe rather heavily f)utfitted Kino party, with 

 carriages and cburchly equipage, to traverse the untrodden and forbid- 

 ding wastes from Caborca to even tbe nearest part of Seriland within 

 the period of two days and a fraction, and tbe distance of 29 leagues 

 (some 74 miles), detailed in the itinerary. The direct way from Caborca 

 to Tiburon would lie due southward, over sierra-ribbed and barranca-cut 

 plains never yet explored by white men, nor even traversed by Indians 

 so far as known, for more than 100 miles in an air line; while the nearest 

 practicable route, passiiig by way of Cieneguilla, Las Cruces, Pozo 

 Noriega, Bacuachito, Sayula, Tonuco, Eancho Libertad, and Barranca 

 Salina (or Aguaje Parilla) measures fully 200 miles, and requires at 

 least six days for tbe i)assage with good horses and light ecpiipage. 

 The Kino party might, indeed, have turned southwestward at Caborca 

 and pushed to the now abandoned landing at the anchorage below Cabo 

 Lobos;- but the directions and distances specifically stated, and the 

 specific identification of Kio San Ignacio at the end and at other points 

 of the journey, all prove that this was not tbe route actually traveled. 

 The terminus of the trip so clearly fixed by the itinerary is over 100 

 miles from the nearest point of Seriland proper; njoreover, Tiburon is 

 rendered invisible both from the coast and from Cerro Nazareno not 

 only by distance, but by intervening sierras, notably those projecting 

 into the Gulf to form Cabo Lobos and Punta Tei)opa. It follows that 

 Kino and Mange completely missed Seriland in their exiiedition to the 

 coast, and there is nothing to indicate that they ever saw the Seri 

 tribesmen. Their descriptions of the Indians encountered fairly fit 

 the peaceful Papago of the interior and tbe timid Tepoka of the coast; 

 and neither Mange's narrative nor other contemporary records suggest 

 contact between the exploring party and the distinctive holders of Tibu- 

 ron. The specific and repeated references in tbe itinerary to the island of 

 San Agustin, or Tiburon, evidently relate to tlie ancient Isla de Santa 



* Tabula Califoruijc, anno 1702 (Via terrestris in Californiara comperta et detecta per R. Patrem 

 Ensebium Fran. (Jliino 6 S. I. Gennanuni. Adnotatis novis Misaiouibua ejiisdem Soctis ab anno 1G98 

 ad annum 1701), in Stocklein, Der Neue Welt- Butt, Augspury und Gratz, 1726. 



2 Elaborately mapped aud established {ou paper) a3 the " Puerto y Villa de la Libertad " in 1861 

 (Bnletin de la Sociedad Mexicana de Geo^rafia y Estadistica, 1863, X, p. 263 et aeq.), aud actually 

 maintained from 1875 to 1884 as the port ul Libertad (not the abandoned Ranclio Libertad on the 

 border ot Serdand), or Serna, according to Diivila (S<)nora Historico y Descriptivo, pp. UO, 309^ 



